American Samoa

Broadcast media

3 TV stations; multi-channel pay TV services are available; about a dozen radio stations, some of which are repeater stations (2009)

Internet country code

.as

Internet users

total: 17,000 | percent of population: 31.3% (July 2016 est.)

Telephone system

general assessment: good telex, telegraph, facsimile, and cellular telephone services | domestic: domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station | international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat-Pacific Ocean)

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 10,000 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (July 2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 199

Agriculture - products

bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock

Budget

revenues: $241.2 million | expenditures: $243.7 million (2013 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-0.3% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 48

Debt - external

$NA

Economy - overview

American Samoa has a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US with which American Samoa conducts most of its commerce. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector with canned tuna the primary export. The two tuna canneries accounted for 13.1% of employment in 2013. | In late September 2009, an earthquake and the resulting tsunami devastated American Samoa and nearby Samoa, disrupting transportation and power generation, and resulting in about 200 deaths. The US Federal Emergency Management Agency oversaw a relief program of nearly $25 million. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. | Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector. In 2015, a new fish processing company completed refurbishing the processing facilities left behind by one of the two canneries that closed in 2009 and opened a new cannery. With two operating canneries once again, fish processing and exports will rise in the coming years.

Exchange rates

the US dollar is used

Exports

$459 million (2013 est.) | $489 million (2012) | country comparison to the world: 174

Exports - commodities

canned tuna 93%

Exports - partners

Australia 21.6%, Ghana 16.1%, Netherlands 11.5%, Burma 8.1%, South Korea 7.9%, Colombia 4.7%, Indonesia 4.3% (2016)

Fiscal year

1 October - 30 September

GDP (official exchange rate)

$748.6 million (2005)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$711 million (2013 est.) | $718 million (2012 est.) | $647 million (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 207

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 54.6% | government consumption: 52.8% | investment if fixed capital: 2.7% | investment in inventories: 2.3% | exports of goods and services: 54.4% | imports of goods and services: -66.8% (2012)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 27.4% | industry: 12.4% | services: 60.2% (2012)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$13,000 (2013 est.) | $13,100 (2012 est.) | $11,700 (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 118

GDP - real growth rate

-2.4% (2013 est.) | -2.7% (2012 est.) | 0.6% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 205

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% | highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$564 million (2013 est.) | $508 million (2012) | country comparison to the world: 190

Imports - commodities

raw materials for canneries, food, petroleum products, machinery and parts

Imports - partners

Singapore 22.6%, NZ 19.1%, Samoa 8.7%, Malaysia 8.2%, Fiji 7.6%, South Korea 7.4%, Australia 4.6% (2016)

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Industries

tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

2.1% (2013) | 3.5% (2012) | country comparison to the world: 125

Labor force

16,090 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 215

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: NA | industry: 13.1% | services: 86.9% (2013)

Population below poverty line

NA%

Taxes and other revenues

32.2% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 68

Unemployment rate

29.8% (2005) | country comparison to the world: 202

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

600,000 Mt (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 175

Crude oil - exports

0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 89

Crude oil - imports

0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 95

Crude oil - production

0 bbl/day (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 107

Crude oil - proved reserves

0 bbl (1 January 2017 es) | country comparison to the world: 107

Electricity - consumption

151.6 million kWh (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 196

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 101

Electricity - from fossil fuels

100% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 21

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 159

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 42

Electricity - from other renewable sources

0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 169

Electricity - imports

0 kWh (2016 est.) | country comparison to the world: 120

Electricity - installed generating capacity

41,000 kW (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 198

Electricity - production

163 million kWh (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 194

Electricity access

population without electricity: 22,219 | electrification - total population: 59% | electrification - urban areas: 60% | electrification - rural areas: 45% (2012)

Natural gas - consumption

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 155

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 63

Natural gas - imports

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86

Natural gas - production

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 105

Natural gas - proved reserves

0 cu m (1 January 2014 es) | country comparison to the world: 112

Refined petroleum products - consumption

2,375 bbl/day (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 191

Refined petroleum products - exports

0.09 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 127

Refined petroleum products - imports

2,346 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 185

Refined petroleum products - production

0 bbl/day (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 116

Area

total: 199 sq km | land: 199 sq km | water: 0 sq km | note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island | country comparison to the world: 216

Area - comparative

slightly larger than Washington, DC

Climate

tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation

Coastline

116 km

Elevation

mean elevation: NA | elevation extremes: lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m | highest point: Lata Mountain 964 m

Environment - current issues

limited natural freshwater resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines

Geographic coordinates

14 20 S, 170 00 W

Geography - note

Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean

Irrigated land

0 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries

0 km

Land use

agricultural land: 21.7% | arable land 13.3%; permanent crops 8.4%; permanent pasture 0% | forest: 78.3% | other: 0% (2011 est.)

Location

Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and New Zealand

Map references

Oceania

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards

cyclones common from December to March | volcanism: limited volcanic activity on the Ofu and Olosega Islands; neither has erupted since the 19th century

Natural resources

pumice, pumicite

Terrain

five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)

Administrative divisions

none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 districts and 2 islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western

Capital

name: Pago Pago | geographic coordinates: 14 16 S, 170 42 W | time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship

see United States

Constitution

adopted 17 October 1960; revised 1 July 1967; amended several times, last in 2013 (2016)

Country name

conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa | conventional short form: American Samoa | abbreviation: AS | etymology: the name Samoa is composed of two parts, "sa" meaning "sacred" and "moa" meaning "center," so the name can mean Holy Center; alternatively, it can mean "place of the sacred moa bird" of Polynesian mythology

Dependency status

unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior

Diplomatic representation from the US

none (territory of the US)

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (territory of the US)

Executive branch

chief of state: President Donald J. TRUMP (since 20 January 2017); Vice President Michael R. PENCE (since 20 January 2017) | head of government: Governor Lolo Matalasi MOLIGA (since 3 January 2013) | cabinet: Cabinet consists of 12 department directors appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislative Assembly | elections/appointments: president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as American Samoa, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 8 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2020) | election results: Lolo Matalasi MOLIGA reelected governor in first round; percent of vote - Lolo Matalasi MOLIGA (independent) 60.2%, Faoa Aitofele SUNIA (Democratic Party) 35.8%, Tuika TUIKA (independent) 4%

Flag description

blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying 2 traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a war club known as a "fa'alaufa'i" (upper; left talon), and a coconut-fiber fly whisk known as a "fue" (lower; right talon); the combination of symbols broadly mimics that seen on the US Great Seal and reflects the relationship between the US and American Samoa

Government type

presidential democracy; a self-governing territory of the US

Independence

none (territory of the US)

International organization participation

AOSIS (observer), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, PIF (observer), SPC

Judicial branch

highest court(s): High Court of American Samoa (consists of the chief justice, associate chief justice, and 6 Samoan associate judges and organized into trial, family, drug, and appellate divisions); note - American Samoa has no US federal courts | judge selection and term of office: chief justice and associate chief justice appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior to serve for life; Samoan associate judges appointed by the governor to serve for life | subordinate courts: district and village courts

Legal system

mixed legal system of US common law and customary law

Legislative branch

description: bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (18 seats; members indirectly selected by regional governing councils to serve 4-year terms) and the House of Representatives (21 seats; 20 members directly elected by simple majority vote and 1 decided by public meeting on Swains Island; members serve 2-year terms) | elections: Senate - last held on 8 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2020); House of Representatives - last held on 8 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2018) | election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 18; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 20 | note: American Samoa elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 8 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2018)

National anthem

name: "Amerika Samoa" (American Samoa) | lyrics/music: Mariota Tiumalu TUIASOSOPO/Napoleon Andrew TUITELELEAPAGA | note: local anthem adopted 1950; as a territory of the United States, "The Star-Spangled Banner" is official (see United States)

National holiday

Flag Day, 17 April (1900)

National symbol(s)

a fue (coconut fiber fly whisk; representing wisdom) crossed with a to'oto'o (staff; representing authority); national colors: red, white, blue

Political parties and leaders

Democratic Party [Fagafaga Daniel LANGKILDE] | Republican Party [Utu Abe MALAE, chairman]

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was not reached by European explorers until the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of the US

Age structure

0-14 years: 30.28% (male 8,017/female 7,580) | 15-24 years: 18.79% (male 4,846/female 4,831) | 25-54 years: 36.38% (male 9,274/female 9,463) | 55-64 years: 8.58% (male 2,186/female 2,232) | 65 years and over: 5.97% (male 1,452/female 1,623) (2017 est.)

Birth rate

19.6 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 82

Death rate

5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 168

Drinking water source

urban: 100% of population | rural: 100% of population | total: 100% of population | urban: 0% of population | rural: 0% of population | total: 0% of population (2015 est.)

Education expenditures

NA

Ethnic groups

Pacific Islander 92.6% (includes Samoan 88.9%, Tongan 2.9%, other .8%), Asian 3.6% (includes Filipino 2.2%, other 1.4%), mixed 2.7%, other 1.2% (2010 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Infant mortality rate

total: 11.3 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 13.2 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 9.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 128

Languages

Samoan 88.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 3.9%, Tongan 2.7%, other Pacific islander 3%, other 1.8% | note: most people are bilingual (2010 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 73.4 years | male: 71.3 years | female: 75.6 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 134

Major infectious diseases

note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016)

Major urban areas - population

PAGO PAGO (capital) 48,000 (2014)

Median age

total: 25.5 years | male: 25.1 years | female: 26 years (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 121

Nationality

noun: American Samoan(s) (US nationals) | adjective: American Samoan

Net migration rate

-26.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 222

Population

51,504 (July 2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 210

Population growth rate

-1.3% (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 233

Religions

Christian 98.3%, other 1%, unaffiliated 0.7% (2010 est.)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 62.5% of population | rural: 62.5% of population | total: 62.5% of population | urban: 37.5% of population | rural: 37.5% of population | total: 37.5% of population (2015 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 0.96 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 0.96 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female | total population: 1 male(s)/female (2016 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.68 children born/woman (2017 est.) | country comparison to the world: 69

Urbanization

urban population: 87.1% of total population (2017) | rate of urbanization: 0.63% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Disputes - international

Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olosega) in its 2006 draft independence constitution

Airports

3 (2016) | country comparison to the world: 192

Airports - with paved runways

total: 3 | over 3,047 m: 1 | 914 to 1,523 m: 1 | under 914 m: 1 (2017)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Pago Pago

Roadways

total: 241 km (2008) | country comparison to the world: 208