Cuba

Broadcast media

government owns and controls all broadcast media with private ownership of electronic media prohibited; government operates 4 national TV networks and many local TV stations; government operates 6 national radio networks, an international station, and many local radio stations; Radio-TV Marti is beamed from the US (2007)

Internet country code

.cu

Internet hosts

3,244 (2012) country comparison to the world: 154

Internet users

1.606 million country comparison to the world: 79 note: private citizens are prohibited from buying computers or accessing the Internet without special authorization; foreigners may access the Internet in large hotels but are subject to firewalls; some Cubans buy illegal passwords on the black market or take advantage of public outlets to access limited email and the government-controlled "intranet" (2009)

Telephone system

general assessment: greater investment beginning in 1994 and the establishment of a new Ministry of Information Technology and Communications in 2000 has resulted in improvements in the system; national fiber-optic system under development; 95% of switches digitized by end of 2006; mobile-cellular telephone service is expensive and must be paid in convertible pesos, which effectively limits subscribership domestic: fixed-line density remains low at 10 per 100 inhabitants; mobile-cellular service expanding but remains only about 10 per 100 persons international: country code - 53; the ALBA-1 fiber-optic submarine cable links Cuba, Jamaica, and Venezuela; fiber-optic cable laid to but not linked to US network; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region) (2010)

Telephones - main lines in use

1.217 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 68

Telephones - mobile cellular

1.682 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 149

Agriculture - products

sugar, tobacco, citrus, coffee, rice, potatoes, beans; livestock

Budget

revenues: $47.78 billion expenditures: $50.45 billion (2012 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-3.7% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 137

Central bank discount rate

NA%

Commercial bank prime lending rate

NA%

Current account balance

$-134.4 million (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 76 $172.4 million (2011 est.)

Debt - external

$22.51 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 78 $21.88 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Economy - overview

The government continues to balance the need for loosening its socialist economic system against a desire for firm political control. The government in April 2011 held the first Cuban Communist Party Congress in almost 13 years, during which leaders approved a plan for wide-ranging economic changes. President Raul CASTRO said such changes were needed to update the economic model to ensure the survival of socialism. The government has expanded opportunities for self-employment and has introduced limited reforms, some initially implemented in the 1990s, to increase enterprise efficiency and alleviate serious shortages of food, consumer goods, services, and housing. The average Cuban's standard of living remains at a lower level than before the downturn of the 1990s, which was caused by the loss of Soviet aid and domestic inefficiencies. Since late 2000, Venezuela has been providing oil on preferential terms, and it currently supplies over 100,000 barrels per day of petroleum products. Cuba has been paying for the oil, in part, with the services of Cuban personnel in Venezuela including some 30,000 medical professionals.

Exchange rates

Cuban pesos (CUP) per US dollar - 1 (2012 est.) 0.98 (2011 est.) 0.93 (2010 est.) 0.93 (2009) 0.93 (2008)

Exports

$5.972 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 108 $6.34 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities

petroleum, nickel, medical products, sugar, tobacco, fish, citrus, coffee

Exports - partners

Canada 17.7%, China 16.9%, Venezuela 12.5%, Netherlands 9%, Spain 5.9% (2012)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$72.3 billion (2012 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$121 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 68 $117.3 billion (2011 est.) $114.1 billion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 53.5% government consumption: 35.4% investment in fixed capital: 9.6% investment in inventories: -2.5% exports of goods and services: 24.9% imports of goods and services: -20.9% (2012 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 3.8% industry: 22.2% services: 74% (2012 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$10,200 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 116 $10,000 (2009 est.) $10,000 (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

3.1% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 106 2.8% (2011 est.) 2.4% (2010 est.)

Gross national saving

11.1% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 120 11.7% of GDP (2011 est.) 14.9% of GDP (2010 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$13.72 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 88 $14.02 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities

petroleum, food, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Imports - partners

Venezuela 38.3%, China 10.8%, Spain 8.9%, Brazil 5.2%, US 4.3% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate

6.2% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 41

Industries

petroleum, nickel/cobalt, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, construction, steel, cement, agricultural machinery, sugar

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

5.5% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 154 4.8% (2011 est.)

Labor force

5.227 million country comparison to the world: 73 note: state sector 72.3%, non-state sector 27.7% (2012 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 19.7% industry: 17.1% services: 63.2% (2011)

Population below poverty line

NA%

Public debt

35.8% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 103 36.4% of GDP (2011 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$4.693 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 95 $4.393 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money

$36.29 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 74 $34.77 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$4.138 billion (2006 est.) country comparison to the world: 65

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$NA

Stock of domestic credit

$NA

Stock of narrow money

$10.97 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 76 $10.65 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

66.1% of GDP (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 4

Unemployment rate

3.8% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 29 3.2% (2011 est.) note: these are official rates; unofficial estimates are about double the official figures

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

28.41 million Mt (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 78

Crude oil - exports

83,000 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 41

Crude oil - imports

165,000 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 36

Crude oil - production

50,800 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 63

Crude oil - proved reserves

124 million bbl (1 January 2013 es) country comparison to the world: 69

Electricity - consumption

13.64 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 78

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 184

Electricity - from fossil fuels

99.3% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 52

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

0.6% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 142

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 70

Electricity - from other renewable sources

0.1% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 101

Electricity - imports

0 kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 175

Electricity - installed generating capacity

5.914 million kW (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 71

Electricity - production

17.8 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 76

Natural gas - consumption

1.03 billion cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 89

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 85

Natural gas - imports

0 cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 180

Natural gas - production

1.03 billion cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 64

Natural gas - proved reserves

70.79 billion cu m (1 January 2013 es) country comparison to the world: 59

Refined petroleum products - consumption

150,200 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 66

Refined petroleum products - exports

11,320 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 82

Refined petroleum products - imports

4,877 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 152

Refined petroleum products - production

100,600 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 75

Area

total: 110,860 sq km country comparison to the world: 106 land: 109,820 sq km water: 1,040 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Climate

tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April); rainy season (May to October)

Coastline

3,735 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Pico Turquino 2,005 m

Environment - current issues

air and water pollution; biodiversity loss; deforestation

Environment - international agreements

party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

total: 4.42 cu km/yr (22%/14%/65%) per capita: 392.6 cu m/yr (2010)

Geographic coordinates

21 30 N, 80 00 W

Geography - note

largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater Antilles

Irrigated land

8,703 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries

total: 29 km border countries: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 km note: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and remains part of Cuba

Land use

arable land: 32.31% permanent crops: 3.55% other: 64.15% (2011)

Location

Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards

the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common

Natural resources

cobalt, nickel, iron ore, chromium, copper, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, arable land

Terrain

mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast

Total renewable water resources

38.12 cu km (2011)

Administrative divisions

15 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 special municipality* (municipio especial); Artemisa, Camaguey, Ciego de Avila, Cienfuegos, Granma, Guantanamo, Holguin, Isla de la Juventud*, La Habana, Las Tunas, Matanzas, Mayabeque, Pinar del Rio, Sancti Spiritus, Santiago de Cuba, Villa Clara

Capital

name: Havana geographic coordinates: 23 07 N, 82 21 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November; note - Cuba has been known to alter the schedule of DST on short notice in an attempt to conserve electricity for lighting

Constitution

several previous; latest adopted by referendum 15 February 1976, effective 24 February 1976; amended 1978, 1992, 2002 (2010)

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Cuba conventional short form: Cuba local long form: Republica de Cuba local short form: Cuba

Diplomatic representation from the US

none; note - the US has an Interests Section in the Swiss Embassy, headed by Chief of Mission John P. CAULFIELD (since September 2011); address: USINT, Swiss Embassy, Calzada between L and M Streets, Vedado, Havana; telephone: [53] (7) 839-4100; FAX: [53] (7) 839-4247; protecting power in Cuba is Switzerland

Diplomatic representation in the US

none; note - Cuba has an Interests Section in the Swiss Embassy, headed by Principal Officer Jorge BOLANOS Suarez (since November 2007); address: Cuban Interests Section, Swiss Embassy, 2630 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009; telephone: [1] (202) 797-8518; FAX: [1] (202) 797-8521

Executive branch

chief of state: President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers Gen. Raul CASTRO Ruz (president since 24 February 2008); First Vice President of the Council of State and First Vice President of the Council of Ministers Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 24 February 2013); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers Gen. Raul CASTRO Ruz (president since 24 February 2008); First Vice President of the Council of State and First Vice President of the Council of Ministers Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 24 February 2013) cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the president of the Council of State and appointed by the National Assembly or the 28-member Council of State, elected by the assembly to act on its behalf when it is not in session (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: president and vice presidents elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held on 24 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018) election results: Gen. Raul CASTRO Ruz reelected president; percent of legislative vote - 100%; Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez elected vice president; percent of legislative vote - 100%

Flag description

five equal horizontal bands of blue (top, center, and bottom) alternating with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a white, five-pointed star in the center; the blue bands refer to the three old divisions of the island: central, occidental, and oriental; the white bands describe the purity of the independence ideal; the triangle symbolizes liberty, equality, and fraternity, while the red color stands for the blood shed in the independence struggle; the white star, called La Estrella Solitaria (the Lone Star) lights the way to freedom and was taken from the flag of Texas note: design similar to the Puerto Rican flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed

Government type

Communist state

Independence

20 May 1902 (from Spain 10 December 1898; administered by the US from 1898 to 1902); not acknowledged by the Cuban Government as a day of independence

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

International organization participation

ACP, ALBA, AOSIS, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IAEA, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS (excluded from formal participation since 1962), OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch

highest court(s): People's Supreme Court (consists of court president, vice president, 41 professional justices, and NA lay judges; organized into the "Whole," State Council, and criminal, civil, administrative, labor, crimes against the state, and military courts) judge selection and term of office: professional judges elected by the National Assembly to serve 2.5-year terms; lay judges nominated by workplace collectives and neighborhood associations and elected by municipal or provincial assemblies; lay judges appointed for 5-year terms and serve up to 30 days per year subordinate courts: People's Provincial Courts; People's Regional Courts; People's Courts

Legal system

civil law system based on Spanish civil code

Legislative branch

unicameral National Assembly of People's Power or Asemblea Nacional del Poder Popular (number of seats in the National Assembly is based on population; 614 seats; members elected directly from slates approved by special candidacy commissions to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 3 February 2013 (next to be held in 2018) election results: Cuba's Communist Party is the only legal party, and officially sanctioned candidates run unopposed

National anthem

name: "La Bayamesa" (The Bayamo Song)

National holiday

Triumph of the Revolution, 1 January (1959)

Political parties and leaders

Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Raul CASTRO Ruz, first secretary]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Human Rights Watch National Association of Small Farmers

Suffrage

16 years of age; universal

Background

The native Amerindian population of Cuba began to decline after the European discovery of the island by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1492 and following its development as a Spanish colony during the next several centuries. Large numbers of African slaves were imported to work the coffee and sugar plantations, and Havana became the launching point for the annual treasure fleets bound for Spain from Mexico and Peru. Spanish rule eventually provoked an independence movement and occasional rebellions that were harshly suppressed. US intervention during the Spanish-American War in 1898 assisted the Cubans in overthrowing Spanish rule. The Treaty of Paris established Cuban independence from the US in 1902 after which the island experienced a string of governments mostly dominated by the military and corrupt politicians. Fidel CASTRO led a rebel army to victory in 1959; his iron rule held the subsequent regime together for nearly five decades. He stepped down as president in February 2008 in favor of his younger brother Raul CASTRO. Cuba's communist revolution, with Soviet support, was exported throughout Latin America and Africa during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. The country faced a severe economic downturn in 1990 following the withdrawal of former Soviet subsidies worth $4 billion to $6 billion annually. Cuba at times portrays the US embargo, in place since 1961, as the source if its difficulties. Illicit migration to the US - using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, air flights, or via the US's southwest border - is a continuing problem. The US Coast Guard interdicted 1,275 Cuban nationals attempting to cross the Straits of Florida in 2012.

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 2,998,201 females age 16-49: 2,919,107 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49: 2,446,131 females age 16-49: 2,375,590 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

male: 72,823 female: 69,108 (2010 est.)

Military - note

the collapse of the Soviet Union deprived the Cuban military of its major economic and logistic support and had a significant impact on the state of Cuban equipment; the army remains well trained and professional in nature; while the lack of replacement parts for its existing equipment has increasingly affected operational capabilities, Cuba remains able to offer considerable resistance to any regional power (2010)

Military branches

Revolutionary Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias, FAR): Revolutionary Army (Ejercito Revolucionario, ER, includes Territorial Militia Troops (Milicia de Tropas de Territoriales, MTT)); Revolutionary Navy (Marina de Guerra Revolucionaria, MGR, includes Marine Corps); Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Forces (Defensas Anti-Aereas y Fuerza Aerea Revolucionaria, DAAFAR), Youth Labor Army (Ejercito Juvenil del Trabajo, EJT) (2013)

Military expenditures

3.2% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 37

Military service age and obligation

17-28 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation; both sexes subject to military service (2012)

Age structure

0-14 years: 16.6% (male 944,254/female 892,766) 15-24 years: 13.9% (male 787,368/female 748,315) 25-54 years: 46.9% (male 2,611,371/female 2,578,471) 55-64 years: 10.3% (male 544,465/female 595,856) 65 years and over: 12.3% (male 611,086/female 747,934) (2013 est.)

Birth rate

9.92 births/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 197

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

3.4% (2000) country comparison to the world: 105

Contraceptive prevalence rate

74.3% (2011)

Death rate

7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 115

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 41.9 % youth dependency ratio: 23 % elderly dependency ratio: 18.9 % potential support ratio: 5.3 (2013)

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 96% of population rural: 89% of population total: 94% of population unimproved: urban: 4% of population rural: 11% of population total: 6% of population (2010 est.)

Education expenditures

12.9% of GDP (2010) country comparison to the world: 2

Ethnic groups

white 65.1%, mulatto and mestizo 24.8%, black 10.1% (2002 census)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.1% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 119

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 148

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

7,100 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 111

Health expenditures

10% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 27

Hospital bed density

5.1 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Infant mortality rate

total: 4.76 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 183 male: 5.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

Languages

Spanish (official)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 78.05 years country comparison to the world: 59 male: 75.77 years female: 80.46 years (2013 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.8% (2011 est.)

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A vectorborne diseases: dengue fever (2013)

Major urban areas - population

HAVANA (capital) 2.116 million (2011)

Maternal mortality rate

73 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 86

Median age

total: 39.5 years male: 38.6 years female: 40.3 years (2013 est.)

Nationality

noun: Cuban(s) adjective: Cuban

Net migration rate

-3.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 186

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

21.5% (2008) country comparison to the world: 85

People - note

illicit emigration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt to depart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; Cubans also use non-maritime routes to enter the US including direct flights to Miami and over-land via the southwest border

Physicians density

6.72 physicians/1,000 population (2010)

Population

11,061,886 (July 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 78

Population growth rate

-0.13% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 209

Religions

nominally Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jewish, Santeria note: prior to CASTRO assuming power

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 94% of population rural: 81% of population total: 91% of population unimproved: urban: 6% of population rural: 19% of population total: 9% of population (2010 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 15 years male: 15 years female: 16 years (2011)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.46 children born/woman (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 196

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 3.1% country comparison to the world: 138 male: 2.8% female: 3.5% (2008)

Urbanization

urban population: 75% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Disputes - international

US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the facility can terminate the lease

Illicit drugs

territorial waters and air space serve as transshipment zone for US- and European-bound drugs; established the death penalty for certain drug-related crimes in 1999 (2008)

Trafficking in persons

current situation: Cuba is a source country for adults and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; child prostitution and child sex tourism reportedly occurs in Cuba, and laws do not appear to penalize the prostitution of children between the ages of 16 and 18; allegations have been made of Cubans being subjected to forced labor, particularly with Cuban work missions abroad; the scope of trafficking within Cuba is particularly difficult to gauge due to the closed nature of the government and sparse non-governmental or independent reporting tier rating: Tier 3 - Cuba does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government has not publicized information about government measures to address human trafficking through prosecution, protection, or prevention efforts but did share information about its general approach to protection for children and youth; the government has a network of shelters for victims of domestic violence and child abuse but has not verified if trafficking victims receive care in those centers (2013)

Airports

133 (2013) country comparison to the world: 42

Airports - with paved runways

total: 64 over 3,047 m: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 27 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 69 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 58 (2013)

Merchant marine

total: 3 country comparison to the world: 136 by type: cargo 1, passenger 1, refrigerated cargo 1 registered in other countries: 5 (Curacao 1, Panama 2, unknown 2) (2010)

Pipelines

gas 41 km; oil 230 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Antilla, Cienfuegos, Guantanamo, Havana, Matanzas, Mariel, Nuevitas Bay, Santiago de Cuba

Railways

total: 8,203 km country comparison to the world: 25 standard gauge: 8,134 km 1.435-m gauge (124 km electrified) narrow gauge: 69 km 1.000-m gauge note: 48 km of standard gauge track is not for public use (2011)

Roadways

total: 60,858 km country comparison to the world: 69 paved: 29,820 km (includes 639 km of expressways) unpaved: 31,038 km (2001)

Waterways

240 km (almost all navigable inland waterways are near the mouths of rivers) (2011) country comparison to the world: 95