SELECT EDITION
CATEGORIES
◆ COMMUNICATIONS(3 fields)
Airports
total: 1 usable: 1 with permanent-surface runways: 1 with runways over 3,659 m: 0 with runways 2,440-3,659 m: 1 with TACAN and beacon with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 0
Highways
total: NA paved: NA unpaved: NA
Telecommunications
excellent system including 60-channel submarine cable, Autodin/SRT terminal, digital telephone switch, Military Affiliated Radio System (MARS station), commercial satellite television system, and UHF/VHF air-ground radio
◆ DEFENSE FORCES(2 fields)
Affiliation
(also see separate West Bank entry)
Note
defense is the responsibility of the US
◆ ECONOMY(2 fields)
Electricity
supplied by the management and operations contractor
Overview
Economic activity is limited to providing services to US military personnel and contractors located on the island. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.
◆ GEOGRAPHY(14 fields)
Area
total area: 2.8 sq km land area: 2.8 sq km comparative area: about 4.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Climate
tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline
10 km
Environment
current issues: NA natural hazards: NA international agreements: NA
International disputes
none
Irrigated land
0 sq km
Land boundaries
0 km
Land use
arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 0% forest and woodland: 0% other: 100%
Location
Oceania, Polynesia, in the North Pacific Ocean, 1,430 km west-southwest of Honolulu, about one-third of the way between Hawaii and the Marshall Islands
Map references
Oceania
Maritime claims
contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm
Natural resources
guano (deposits worked until about 1890)
Note
strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands; North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; closed to the public; former nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some low-growing vegetation
Terrain
mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters
◆ GOVERNMENT(7 fields)
Capital
none; administered from Washington, DC
Digraph
JQ
Diplomatic representation in US
none (territory of the US)
Flag
the flag of the US is used
Names
conventional long form: none conventional short form: Johnston Atoll
Type
unincorportated territory of the US administered by the US Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
US diplomatic representation
none (territory of the US)
◆ PEOPLE(1 fields)
Population
327 (July 1994 est.)