Lithuania

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

total: 796,814 (2020 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29 (2020 est.)

Broadcast media

public broadcaster operates 3 channels with the third channel - a satellite channel - introduced in 2007; various privately owned commercial TV broadcasters operate national and multiple regional channels; many privately owned local TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services available; publicly owned broadcaster operates 3 radio networks; many privately owned commercial broadcasters, with repeater stations in various regions throughout the country

Internet country code

.lt

Internet users

total: 2.436 million (2021 est.) percent of population: 87% (2021 est.)

Telecommunication systems

general assessment: Lithuania s small telecoms market is among the more advanced in Europe, particularly given the universal access to long-term evolution (LTE) infrastructure and the extensive fiber footprint; Operator investment has been focused on fiber broadband and mobile network upgrades; Fiber is now by far the dominant fixed broadband platform, with the number of Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) and cable connections in steady decline; LTE services are available nationally, operators have made steady investments in 5G (2024) domestic: nearly 9 per 100 for fixed-line subscriptions; mobile-cellular subscriptions at 139 per 100 persons (2022) international: country code - 370; landing points for the BCS East, BCS East-West Interlink and NordBalt connecting Lithuania to Sweden, and Latvia ; further transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland (2019)

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 250,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2022 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

total subscriptions: 3.826 million (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 139 (2022 est.)

Agricultural products

wheat, milk, rapeseed, sugar beets, barley, potatoes, beans, triticale, oats, peas (2022) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Average household expenditures

on food: 19.8% of household expenditures (2022 est.) on alcohol and tobacco: 5.8% of household expenditures (2022 est.)

Budget

revenues: $24.347 billion (2022 est.) expenditures: $24.219 billion (2022 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenses converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Credit ratings

Fitch rating: A (2020) Moody's rating: A3 (2015) Standard & Poors rating: A+ (2020) note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.

Current account balance

$1.506 billion (2023 est.) -$3.874 billion (2022 est.) $766.788 million (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Economic overview

high-income EU and eurozone member, largest Baltic economy; growth stalled due to Ukraine war impact on energy, exports, and fiscal spending for defense and refugee support; rebound supported by EU fund-driven investments and reduced inflation; structural challenges include pension reform, labor market inefficiencies, health care, and education spending

Exchange rates

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.925 (2023 est.) 0.95 (2022 est.) 0.845 (2021 est.) 0.876 (2020 est.) 0.893 (2019 est.)

Exports

$61.101 billion (2023 est.) $61.444 billion (2022 est.) $53.397 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports - commodities

refined petroleum, furniture, plastic products, natural gas, wheat (2022) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Exports - partners

Latvia 13%, Poland 8%, Germany 8%, Russia 6%, US 6% (2022) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

GDP (official exchange rate)

$77.836 billion (2023 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 58.8% (2023 est.) government consumption: 17.7% (2023 est.) investment in fixed capital: 23.3% (2023 est.) investment in inventories: -3.6% (2023 est.) exports of goods and services: 78.5% (2023 est.) imports of goods and services: -74.7% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 3% (2023 est.) industry: 24.1% (2023 est.) services: 63.1% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

36.7 (2021 est.) note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 2.6% (2021 est.) highest 10%: 29.1% (2021 est.) note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

Imports

$58.104 billion (2023 est.) $62.853 billion (2022 est.) $50.377 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports - commodities

crude petroleum, natural gas, electricity, cars, plastic products (2022) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - partners

Poland 12%, Germany 11%, Latvia 8%, US 6%, Russia 5% (2022) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Industrial production growth rate

-2.17% (2023 est.) note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Industries

metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, televisions, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture, textiles, food processing, fertilizer, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, lasers, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry, information technology, video game development, app/software development, biotechnology

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

9.12% (2023 est.) 19.71% (2022 est.) 4.68% (2021 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Labor force

1.51 million (2023 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Population below poverty line

20.9% (2021 est.) note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Public debt

36.05% of GDP (2022 est.) note: central government debt as a % of GDP

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

$132.712 billion (2023 est.) $133.159 billion (2022 est.) $129.987 billion (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP growth rate

-0.34% (2023 est.) 2.44% (2022 est.) 6.28% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP per capita

$46,200 (2023 est.) $47,000 (2022 est.) $46,400 (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars

Remittances

1.25% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.04% of GDP (2022 est.) 1.16% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$6.168 billion (2023 est.) $5.365 billion (2022 est.) $5.58 billion (2021 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Taxes and other revenues

21.1% (of GDP) (2022 est.) note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Unemployment rate

6.96% (2023 est.) 5.96% (2022 est.) 7.11% (2021 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 13.9% (2023 est.) male: 16.3% (2023 est.) female: 11.3% (2023 est.) note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Carbon dioxide emissions

12.803 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 586,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 9.115 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.) from consumed natural gas: 3.102 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)

Coal

consumption: 263,000 metric tons (2022 est.) exports: 154,000 metric tons (2022 est.) imports: 496,000 metric tons (2022 est.)

Electricity

installed generating capacity: 4.258 million kW (2022 est.) consumption: 11.227 billion kWh (2022 est.) exports: 2.652 billion kWh (2022 est.) imports: 11.22 billion kWh (2022 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 855.476 million kWh (2022 est.)

Electricity access

electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)

Electricity generation sources

fossil fuels: 28.1% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) solar: 4.7% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) wind: 42.8% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) hydroelectricity: 6.6% of total installed capacity (2022 est.) biomass and waste: 17.8% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)

Energy consumption per capita

85.201 million Btu/person (2022 est.)

Natural gas

consumption: 1.601 billion cubic meters (2022 est.) exports: 1.921 billion cubic meters (2022 est.) imports: 3.53 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Nuclear energy

Number of nuclear reactors permanently shut down: 2 (2023)

Petroleum

total petroleum production: 4,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 68,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 12 million barrels (2021 est.)

Air pollutants

particulate matter emissions: 10.37 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 12.96 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 3.15 megatons (2020 est.)

Climate

transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers

Environment - current issues

water pollution; air pollution; deforestation; threatened animal and plant species; chemicals and waste materials released into the environment contaminate soil and groundwater; soil degradation and erosion

Environment - international agreements

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Land use

agricultural land: 44.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 34.9% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 9.4% (2018 est.) forest: 34.6% (2018 est.) other: 20.6% (2018 est.)

Major lakes (area sq km)

salt water lake(s): Curonian Lagoon (shared with Russia) - 1,620 sq km

Revenue from coal

0% of GDP (2018 est.)

Revenue from forest resources

0.31% of GDP (2018 est.)

Total renewable water resources

24.5 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

Total water withdrawal

municipal: 140 million cubic meters (2020 est.) industrial: 60 million cubic meters (2020 est.) agricultural: 60 million cubic meters (2020 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 68.7% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.3 million tons (2015 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 297,960 tons (2015 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 22.9% (2015 est.)

Area

total : 65,300 sq km land: 62,680 sq km water: 2,620 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly larger than West Virginia

Climate

transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers

Coastline

90 km

Elevation

highest point: Aukstojas 294 m lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m mean elevation: 110 m

Geographic coordinates

56 00 N, 24 00 E

Geography - note

fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits

Irrigated land

16 sq km (2013)

Land boundaries

total: 1,545 km border countries (4): Belarus 640 km; Latvia 544 km; Poland 100 km; Russia (Kaliningrad) 261 km

Land use

agricultural land: 44.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 34.9% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 9.4% (2018 est.) forest: 34.6% (2018 est.) other: 20.6% (2018 est.)

Location

Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus

Major lakes (area sq km)

salt water lake(s): Curonian Lagoon (shared with Russia) - 1,620 sq km

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural hazards

occasional floods, droughts

Natural resources

peat, arable land, amber

Population distribution

fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda

Terrain

lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil

Administrative divisions

60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstonas, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarija, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavas, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai

Capital

name: Vilnius geographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named after the Vilnia River, which flows into the Neris River at Vilnius; the river name derives from the Lithuanian word "vilnis" meaning "a surge"

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuania dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Constitution

history: several previous; latest adopted by referendum 25 October 1992, entered into force 2 November 1992 amendments: proposed by at least one fourth of all Parliament members or by petition of at least 300,000 voters; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament in each of two readings three months apart and a presidential signature; amendments to constitutional articles on national sovereignty and constitutional amendment procedure also require three-fourths voter approval in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2022

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania conventional short form: Lithuania local long form: Lietuvos Respublika local short form: Lietuva former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (while occupied by the USSR) etymology: meaning of the name "Lietuva" remains unclear and is debated by scholars; it may derive from the Lietava, a stream in east central Lithuania

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Kara C. McDONALD (since 26 January 2024) embassy: Akmenu gatve 6, Vilnius, LT-03106 mailing address: 4510 Vilnius Place, Washington DC 20521-4510 telephone: [370] (5) 266-5500 FAX: [370] (5) 266-5510 email address and website: consec@state.gov https://lt.usembassy.gov/

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Audra PLEPYTĖ (since 7 July 2021) chancery: 2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5860 FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466 email address and website: info@usa.mfa.lt https://usa.mfa.lt/usa/en/ consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York

Executive branch

chief of state: President Gitanas NAUSEDA (since 12 July 2019) head of government: Prime Minister Ingrida SIMONYTE (since 24 November 2020) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, approved by Parliament elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); first round held on 12 May 2024 (runoff held on 12 May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament election results: 2024: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote -Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 75.6%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (TS-LKD) 24.4% 2019: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%

Flag description

three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red; yellow symbolizes golden fields, as well as the sun, light, and goodness; green represents the forests of the countryside, in addition to nature, freedom, and hope; red stands for courage and the blood spilled in defense of the homeland

Government type

semi-presidential republic

Independence

16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 37 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the president and appointed by the Seimas; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Seimas from nominations - 3 each by the president of the republic, the Seimas speaker, and the Supreme Court president; judges serve 9-year, nonrenewable terms; one-third of membership reconstituted every 3 years subordinate courts: Court of Appeals; district and local courts

Legal system

civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the Constitutional Court

Legislative branch

description: unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats; 71 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote and 70 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms) elections: last held on 13 October 2024 first round (next to be held on 27 October 2024 - second round) election results: preliminary first-round results percent of vote by party - LSDP 19.4%, TS-LKD 18%, NA 15%, DSVL 9.2%, LRLS 7.7%, LVZS 7%, LLRA-KSS 6%; seats by party - LSDP 20, TS-LKD 18, NA 15, DSVL 8, LRLS 8, LVZS 6, LLRA-KSS 2, Independents 1

National anthem

name: "Tautiska giesme" (The National Song) lyrics/music: Vincas KUDIRKA note: adopted 1918, restored 1990; written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990

National heritage

total World Heritage Sites: 5 (all cultural) selected World Heritage Site locales: Vilnius Historic Center; Curonian Spit; Kernavė Archaeological Site; Struve Geodetic Arc; Modernist Kaunas: Architecture of Optimism, 1919-1939

National holiday

Independence Day (or National Day), 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia and Germany; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Lithuanian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union

National symbol(s)

mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser), white stork; national colors: yellow, green, red

Political parties

Dawn of Nemunas or NA Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania or LLRA K S Freedom and Justice Party or LT (formerly Lithuanian Freedom Union (Liberals)) Freedom Party or LP Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD Labour Party or DP Lithuanian Center Party or LCP Lithuanian Christian Democracy Party or LKDP Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS Lithuanian Green Party or LZP Liberals' Movement or LRLS Lithuanian List or LL Lithuanian Regions Party or LRP Social Democratic Party of Lithuania or LSDP Union of Democrats for Lithuania or DSVL

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, Lithuania extended its territory through alliances and conquest to include most of present-day Belarus and Ukraine. By the end of the 14th century, Lithuania was the largest state in Europe. An alliance with Poland in 1386 led the two countries into a union through a common ruler. In 1569, Lithuania and Poland formally united into a single dual state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This entity survived until 1795 when surrounding countries partitioned its remnants. Lithuania regained its independence after World War I, but the USSR annexed it in 1940 -- an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. In 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until 1991. The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently restructured its economy for integration into West European institutions; it joined both NATO and the EU in 2004. In 2015, Lithuania joined the euro zone, and it joined the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in 2018.

Military - note

the Lithuanian Armed Forces are responsible for the defense of the country s interests, sovereignty, and territory, fulfilling Lithuania s commitments to NATO and European security, and contributing to UN international peacekeeping efforts; Russia is Lithuania s primary security focus, which has only increased since the Russian seizure of Crimea in 2014 and subsequent full-scale attack on Ukraine in 2022; Lithuania has been a member of NATO since 2004 and is reliant on the Alliance as the country s security guarantor; it is actively engaged in both NATO and EU security, as well as bilaterally with allies such as the other Baltic States, Germany, Poland, the UK, Ukraine, and the US; the Lithuanian military has participated in NATO and EU missions abroad and regularly conducts training and exercises with NATO and EU partner forces; it hosts NATO forces, is a member of the UK-led Joint Expeditionary Force, and contributes troops to a multinational brigade with Poland and Ukraine; Lithuania participated in its first UN peacekeeping mission in 1994 since 2017, Lithuania has hosted a German-led multinational NATO ground force battlegroup as part of the Alliance s Enhanced Forward Presence initiative; NATO has also provided air protection for Lithuania since 2004 through its Baltic Air Policing mission; NATO member countries that possess air combat capabilities voluntarily contribute to the mission on four-month rotations; NATO fighter aircraft are hosted at Lithuania s iauliai Air Base (2024)

Military and security forces

Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Land Forces (Sausumos Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos), Special Operations Forces (Specialiuju Operaciju Pajegos); National Defense Volunteer Forces (Kra to Apsaugos Savanorių Pajegos or KASP); National Riflemen's Union (Lietuvos aulių sąjunga) (2024) note 1: the National Rifleman's Union is a civilian paramilitary organization supported by the Lithuanian Government that cooperates with the military but is not part of it; however, in a state of war, its armed formations would fall under the armed forces note 2: the Lithuanian Police and State Border Guard Service are under the Ministry of Interior; in wartime, the State Border Guard Service becomes part of the armed forces

Military and security service personnel strengths

approximately 18,000 active-duty personnel (14,000 Army, including about 5,000 active National Defense Voluntary Forces); 500 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 2,500 other, including special operations forces, logistics support, training, etc) (2024)

Military deployments

note: contributes about 350-550 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the military's inventory is a mix of mostly European and US weapons and equipment (2024)

Military expenditures

2.9% of GDP (2024 est.) 2.8% of GDP (2023) 2.5% of GDP (2022) 2% of GDP (2021) 2.1% of GDP (2020)

Military service age and obligation

19-26 years of age for conscripted military service for men; 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in 2008; 18-38 for voluntary service for men and women (2024) note 1: Lithuania conscripts up to 4,000 males each year; conscripts are selected using an automated lottery system note 2: as of 2020, women comprised about 12% of the military's full-time personnel

Age structure

0-14 years: 15.2% (male 205,154/female 194,386) 15-64 years: 62.6% (male 808,435/female 837,908) 65 years and over: 22.2% (2024 est.) (male 201,405/female 380,898)

Alcohol consumption per capita

total: 11.93 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) beer: 4.61 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) wine: 0.88 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) spirits: 4.96 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) other alcohols: 1.48 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Birth rate

8.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Child marriage

women married by age 18: 0.3% (2021 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

2.5% (2021) NA

Contraceptive prevalence rate

NA

Current health expenditure

7.5% of GDP (2020)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

53.4% (2023 est.)

Death rate

15.2 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 55.7 youth dependency ratio: 23.6 elderly dependency ratio: 32.1 potential support ratio: 3.1 (2021 est.)

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 93.8% of population total: 98% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 6.2% of population total: 2% of population (2020 est.)

Education expenditures

4% of GDP (2019 est.)

Ethnic groups

Lithuanian 84.6%, Polish 6.5%, Russian 5%, Belarusian 1%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.8% (2021 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

0.79 (2024 est.)

Hospital bed density

6.4 beds/1,000 population (2018)

Infant mortality rate

total: 3.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.) male: 4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.1 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Lithuanian (official) 85.3%, Russian 6.8%, Polish 5.1%, other 1.1%, two mother tongues 1.7% (2021 est.) major-language sample(s): Pasaulio enciklopedija naudingas bendrosios informacijos altinis. (Lithuanian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 76.1 years (2024 est.) male: 70.8 years female: 81.7 years

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.8% (2021)

Major urban areas - population

541,000 VILNIUS (capital) (2023)

Maternal mortality ratio

9 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Median age

total: 45.1 years (2024 est.) male: 40.9 years female: 49.2 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

28.2 years (2020 est.)

Nationality

noun: Lithuanian(s) adjective: Lithuanian

Net migration rate

-4.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

26.3% (2016)

Physician density

5.08 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

Population

total: 2,628,186 male: 1,214,994 female: 1,413,192 (2024 est.)

Population distribution

fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda

Population growth rate

-1.05% (2024 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 74.2%, Russian Orthodox 3.7%, Old Believer 0.6%, Evangelical Lutheran 0.6%, Evangelical Reformist 0.2%, other (including Sunni Muslim, Jewish, Greek Catholic, and Karaite) 0.9%, none 6.1%, unspecified 13.7% (2021 est.)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 99.5% of population rural: 88.7% of population total: 96% of population unimproved: urban: 0.5% of population rural: 11.3% of population total: 4% of population (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 16 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2020)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.53 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Tobacco use

total: 32% (2020 est.) male: 42.1% (2020 est.) female: 21.8% (2020 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.62 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 68.7% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Illicit drugs

source country for amphetamine tablets

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees (country of origin): 41,490 (Ukraine) (as of 11 March 2024) stateless persons: 2,720 (2022)

Airports

65 (2024)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

LY

Heliports

2 (2024)

Merchant marine

total: 59 (2023) by type: container ship 3, general cargo 19, oil tanker 2, other 35

National air transport system

number of registered air carriers: 3 (2020) inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 50 annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 26,031 (2018)

Pipelines

1,921 km gas, 121 km refined products (2013)

Ports

total ports: 2 (2024) large: 0 medium: 1 small: 0 very small: 1 ports with oil terminals: 2 key ports: Butinge Oil Terminal, Klaipeda

Railways

total: 1,911 km (2020) 152 km electrified

Roadways

total: 83,821 km (2022)

Waterways

441 km (2007) (navigable year-round)