Mozambique

Broadcast media

1 state-run TV station supplemented by private TV station; Portuguese state TV's African service, RTP Africa, and Brazilian-owned TV Miramar are available; state-run radio provides nearly 100% territorial coverage and broadcasts in multiple languages; a number of privately owned and community-operated stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2007)

Internet country code

.mz

Internet users

total: 1.4 million | percent of population: 5.5% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 111

Radio broadcast stations

AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001)

Telephone system

general assessment: a fair telecommunications system that is shackled with a heavy state presence, lack of competition, and high operating costs and charges | domestic: stagnation in the fixed-line network contrasts with rapid growth in the mobile-cellular network; mobile-cellular coverage now includes all the main cities and key roads, including those from Maputo to the South African and Swaziland borders, the national highway through Gaza and Inhambane provinces, the Beira corridor, and from Nampula to Nacala; extremely low fixed-line teledensity; despite significant growth in mobile-cellular services, teledensity remains low at about 35 per 100 persons | international: country code - 258; landing point for the EASSy and SEACOM fiber-optic submarine cable systems; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean) (2011)

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 68,800 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 151

Telephones - mobile cellular

total: 18.4 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 75 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 59

Television broadcast stations

4 (2008)

Agriculture - products

cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (manioc, tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry

Budget

revenues: $5.324 billion | expenditures: $6.967 billion (2014 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-9.9% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 202

Central bank discount rate

9.5% (17 January 2013) | 3.25% (31 December 2010) | country comparison to the world: 24

Commercial bank prime lending rate

15.3% (31 December 2014 est.) | 15.33% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 36

Current account balance

-$5.797 billion (2014 est.) | -$5.892 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 174

Debt - external

$7.521 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $6.416 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 112

Distribution of family income - Gini index

45.6 (2008) | 47.3 (2002) | country comparison to the world: 36

Economy - overview

At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977-92 exacerbated the situation. In 1987, the government embarked on a series of macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy. These steps, combined with donor assistance and with political stability since the multi-party elections in 1994, propelled the country’s GDP from $4 billion in 1993, following the war, to about $30.9 billion in 2014. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service, have improved the government's revenue collection abilities. In spite of these gains, more than half the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's work force. A substantial trade imbalance persists although aluminum production from the Mozal smelter has significantly boosted export earnings in recent years. In 2012, The Mozambican government took over Portugal's last remaining share in the Cahora Bassa Hydroelectricity Company (HCB), a significant contributor to the Southern African Power Pool. The government has plans to expand the Cahora Bassa Dam and build additional dams to increase its electricity exports and fulfill the needs of its burgeoning domestic industries. Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt has been reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives, and is now at a manageable level. In July 2007, the US government's Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) signed a $506.9 million Compact with Mozambique that ended in 2013. The Compact focused on improving sanitation, roads, agriculture, and the business regulation environment in an effort to spur economic growth in the four northern provinces of the country. Citizens rioted in September 2010 after fuel, water, electricity, and bread price increases were announced. In an attempt to lessen the negative impact on the population, the government implemented subsidies, decreased taxes and tariffs, and instituted other fiscal measures. Mozambique grew at an average annual rate of 6%-8% in the decade up to 2014, one of Africa's strongest performances. Mozambique's ability to attract large investment projects in natural resources is expected to extend high growth rates in coming years. Revenues from these vast resources, including natural gas, coal, titanium and hydroelectric capacity, could overtake donor assistance within five years.

Exchange rates

meticais (MZM) per US dollar - | 31.2 (2014 est.) | 30.125 (2013 est.) | 28.38 (2012 est.) | 29.075 (2011 est.) | 33.96 (2010 est.)

Exports

$4.345 billion (2014 est.) | $4.123 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 118

Exports - commodities

aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity

Exports - partners

China 28.8%, South Africa 20%, Italy 7.7%, Belgium 5.9%, India 5.7%, Spain 5.2% (2014)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$16.68 billion (2014 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$31.1 billion (2014 est.) | $28.96 billion (2013 est.) | $26.96 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 127

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 74.2% | government consumption: 17.9% | investment in fixed capital: 50.3% | investment in inventories: 0% | exports of goods and services: 31.8% | imports of goods and services: -74.3% | (2014 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 28.9% | industry: 24% | services: 47.1% (2014 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$1,200 (2014 est.) | $1,100 (2013 est.) | $1,000 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 222

GDP - real growth rate

7.4% (2014 est.) | 7.4% (2013 est.) | 7.1% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 10

Gross national saving

12.4% of GDP (2014 est.) | 15.6% of GDP (2013 est.) | 14.2% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 170

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 1.9% | highest 10%: 36.7% (2008)

Imports

$8.954 billion (2014 est.) | $8.48 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 109

Imports - commodities

machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles

Imports - partners

South Africa 26.5%, China 17.4%, India 16.6% (2014)

Industrial production growth rate

9% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 17

Industries

aluminum, petroleum products, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco, food, beverages

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

2.3% (2014 est.) | 4.2% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 106

Labor force

12.25 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 44

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 81% | industry: 6% | services: 13% (1997 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$NA

Population below poverty line

52% (2009 est.)

Public debt

47.2% of GDP (2014 est.) | 41.1% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 77

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$3.334 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $3.142 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 107

Stock of broad money

$7.777 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $7.19 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 114

Stock of domestic credit

$4.982 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $4.573 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 123

Stock of narrow money

$5.267 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $4.851 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 97

Taxes and other revenues

32.1% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 80

Unemployment rate

17% (2007 est.) | 21% (1997 est.) | country comparison to the world: 154

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

4.789 million Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 129

Crude oil - exports

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 159

Crude oil - imports

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 100

Crude oil - production

20 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 119

Crude oil - proved reserves

0 bbl (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 169

Electricity - consumption

10.19 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 87

Electricity - exports

9.462 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 22

Electricity - from fossil fuels

10.3% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 195

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

89.7% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 13

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 147

Electricity - from other renewable sources

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 207

Electricity - imports

8.537 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 26

Electricity - installed generating capacity

2.429 million kW (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 99

Electricity - production

14.83 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 84

Natural gas - consumption

755 million cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 95

Natural gas - exports

3.6 billion cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 35

Natural gas - imports

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 103

Natural gas - production

4.355 billion cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 53

Natural gas - proved reserves

2.832 trillion cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 14

Refined petroleum products - consumption

24,000 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 124

Refined petroleum products - exports

953 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 107

Refined petroleum products - imports

16,140 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 115

Refined petroleum products - production

992 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 111

Area

total: 799,380 sq km | land: 786,380 sq km | water: 13,000 sq km | country comparison to the world: 35

Area - comparative

slightly less than twice the size of California

Climate

tropical to subtropical

Coastline

2,470 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m | highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m

Environment - current issues

increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem

Environment - international agreements

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

total: 0.88 cu km/yr (26%/4%/70%) | per capita: 46.05 cu m/yr (2005)

Geographic coordinates

18 15 S, 35 00 E

Geography - note

the Zambezi River flows through the north-central and most fertile part of the country

Irrigated land

1,181 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries

total: 4,783 km | border countries (6): Malawi 1,498 km, South Africa 496 km, Swaziland 108 km, Tanzania 840 km, Zambia 439 km, Zimbabwe 1,402 km

Land use

agricultural land: 56.3% | arable land 6.4%; permanent crops 0.3%; permanent pasture 49.6% | forest: 43.7% | other: 0% (2011 est.)

Location

Southeastern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania

Map references

Africa

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm | exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards

severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces

Natural resources

coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite

Terrain

mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west

Total renewable water resources

217.1 cu km (2011)

Administrative divisions

10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city (cidade)*; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Cidade de Maputo*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia

Capital

name: Maputo | geographic coordinates: 25 57 S, 32 35 E | time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Constitution

previous 1975, 1990; latest adopted 16 November 2004, effective 21 December 2004; note - amendments drafted by late 2013, but parliamentary review has been stalled (2014)

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Mozambique | conventional short form: Mozambique | local long form: Republica de Mocambique | local short form: Mocambique | former: Portuguese East Africa

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Douglas M. GRIFFITHS (since 6 July 2012) | embassy: Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo | mailing address: P. O. Box 783, Maputo | telephone: [258] (21) 492797 | FAX: [258] (21) 490114

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Amelia Narciso Matos SUMBANA (since 2 November 2009) | chancery: 1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 | telephone: [1] (202) 293-7146 | FAX: [1] (202) 835-0245

Executive branch

chief of state: President Filipe Jacinto NYUSI (since 15 January 2015) | head of government: Prime Minister Carlos Agostinho DO ROSARIO (since 17 January 2015); Alberto Clementino Antonio VAQUINA removed from office 9 January 2015 | cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president | elections/appointments: president elected directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms); election last held on 15 October 2014 (next to be held in October 2019); prime minister appointed by the president | election results: Filipe NYUSI elected president; percent of vote - Filipe NYUSI (FRELIMO) 57.0%, Afonso DHLAKAMA (RENAMO) 36.6%, Daviz SIMANGO (MDM) 6.4%

Flag description

three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book; green represents the riches of the land, white peace, black the African continent, yellow the country's minerals, and red the struggle for independence; the rifle symbolizes defense and vigilance, the hoe refers to the country's agriculture, the open book stresses the importance of education, and the star represents Marxism and internationalism

Government type

republic

Independence

25 June 1975 (from Portugal)

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

International organization participation

ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CD, CPLP, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF (observer), OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the court president, vice president, and 5 judges); Constitutional Council (consists of 7 judges); note - the Higher Council of the Judiciary is responsible for judiciary management and discipline | judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and vice president appointed by Mozambique president in consultation with the Higher Council of the Judiciary (CSMJ) and with ratification by the legislature; other judges elected by the legislature; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Council judges appointed - 1 by the president, 5 by the legislature, and 1 by the CSMJ; judges serve 5-year nonrenewable terms | subordinate courts: Administrative Court (capital city only); provincial courts or Tribunais Judicias de Provincia; District Courts or Tribunais Judicias de Districto; customs courts; maritime courts; courts marshal; labor courts; community courts

Legal system

mixed legal system of Portuguese civil law, and customary law; note - in rural, predominately Muslim villages with no formal legal system, Islamic law may be applied

Legislative branch

description: unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members - including 2 representing Mozambicans abroad - directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms) | elections: last held on 15 October 2014 (next to be held in October 2019) | election results: percent of vote by party - FRELIMO 55.9%, RENAMO 32.5%, MDM 8.4%, other 3.3%; seats by party - FRELIMO 144, RENAMO 89, MDM 17

National anthem

name: "Patria Amada" (Lovely Fatherland) | lyrics/music: Salomao J. MANHICA/unknown | note: adopted 2002

National holiday

Independence Day, 25 June (1975)

National symbol(s)

national colors: green, black, yellow, white, red

Political parties and leaders

Democratic Movement of Mozambique (Movimento Democratico de Mocambique) or MDM [Daviz SIMANGO] | Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Armando Emilio GUEBUZA] | Mozambique National Resistance (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana) or RENAMO [Afonso DHLAKAMA]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development until the mid-1990s. The ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement between FRELIMO and rebel Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) forces ended the fighting in 1992. In December 2004, Mozambique underwent a delicate transition as Joaquim CHISSANO stepped down after 18 years in office. His elected successor, Armando Emilio GUEBUZA, promised to continue the sound economic policies that have encouraged foreign investment. President GUEBUZA was reelected to a second term in October 2009. However, the elections were flawed by voter fraud, questionable disqualification of candidates, and FRELIMO use of government resources during the campaign.

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 4,613,367 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49: 2,677,473 | females age 16-49: 2,941,073 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

male: 274,602 | female: 280,008 (2010 est.)

Military branches

Mozambique Armed Defense Forces (Forcas Armadas de Defesa de Mocambique, FADM): Mozambique Army, Mozambique Navy (Marinha de Guerra de Mocambique, MGM), Mozambique Air Force (Forca Aerea de Mocambique, FAM) (2012)

Military service age and obligation

registration for military service is mandatory for all males and females at 18 years of age; 18-35 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary service; 2-year service obligation; women may serve as officers or enlisted (2012)

Age structure

0-14 years: 45.13% (male 5,740,743/female 5,677,563) | 15-24 years: 21.43% (male 2,657,099/female 2,764,109) | 25-54 years: 27.09% (male 3,201,321/female 3,654,012) | 55-64 years: 3.44% (male 415,357/female 455,450) | 65 years and over: 2.91% (male 338,552/female 398,907) (2015 est.)

Birth rate

38.58 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 10

Child labor - children ages 5-14

total number: 1,369,080 | percentage: 22% (2008 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

15.6% (2011) | country comparison to the world: 44

Contraceptive prevalence rate

11.6% (2011)

Death rate

12.1 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 26

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 94.8% | youth dependency ratio: 88.2% | elderly dependency ratio: 6.5% | potential support ratio: 15.3% (2015 est.)

Drinking water source

urban: 80.6% of population | rural: 37% of population | total: 51.1% of population | urban: 19.4% of population | rural: 63% of population | total: 48.9% of population (2015 est.)

Education expenditures

5% of GDP (2006) | country comparison to the world: 78

Ethnic groups

African 99.66% (Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

10.58% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8

HIV/AIDS - deaths

44,900 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 5

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

1.543 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 5

Health expenditures

6.8% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 99

Hospital bed density

0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Infant mortality rate

total: 70.21 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 72.29 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 68.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 13

Languages

Emakhuwa 25.3%, Portuguese (official) 10.7%, Xichangana 10.3%, Cisena 7.5%, Elomwe 7%, Echuwabo 5.1%, other Mozambican languages 30.1%, other 4% (1997 census)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 52.94 years | male: 52.18 years | female: 53.72 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 214

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 58.8% | male: 73.3% | female: 45.4% (2015 est.)

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: very high | food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever | vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever | water contact disease: schistosomiasis | animal contact disease: rabies (2013)

Major urban areas - population

MAPUTO (capital) 1.187 million; Matola 937,000 (2015)

Median age

total: 17 years | male: 16.4 years | female: 17.6 years (2015 est.)

Nationality

noun: Mozambican(s) | adjective: Mozambican

Net migration rate

-1.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 166

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

4.5% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 158

Physicians density

0.04 physicians/1,000 population (2012)

Population

25,303,113 | note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 51

Population growth rate

2.45% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 28

Religions

Roman Catholic 28.4%, Muslim 17.9%, Zionist Christian 15.5%, Protestant 12.2% (includes Pentecostal 10.9% and Anglican 1.3%), other 6.7%, none 18.7%, unspecified 0.7% (2007 est.)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 42.4% of population | rural: 10.1% of population | total: 20.5% of population | urban: 57.6% of population | rural: 89.9% of population | total: 79.5% of population (2015 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 9 years | male: 10 years | female: 9 years (2013)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 0.96 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 0.88 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female | total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2015 est.)

Total fertility rate

5.21 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 12

Urbanization

urban population: 32.2% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 3.27% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Disputes - international

South Africa has placed military units to assist police operations along the border of Lesotho, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique to control smuggling, poaching, and illegal migration

Illicit drugs

southern African transit point for South Asian hashish and heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa); corruption and poor regulatory capability make the banking system vulnerable to money laundering, but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center

Refugees and internally displaced persons

IDPs: 61,102 (2015 floods) (2015)

Airports

98 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 57

Airports - with paved runways

total: 21 | over 3,047 m: 1 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 9 | 914 to 1,523 m: 5 | under 914 m: 4 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 77 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 9 | 914 to 1,523 m: 29 | 38 (2013)

Merchant marine

total: 2 | by type: cargo 2 | foreign-owned: 2 (Belgium 2) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 144

Pipelines

gas 972 km; refined products 278 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Beira, Maputo, Nacala

Railways

total: 4,787 km | narrow gauge: 4,787 km 1.067-m gauge (2014) | country comparison to the world: 38

Roadways

total: 30,331 km | paved: 6,303 km | unpaved: 24,028 km (2009) | country comparison to the world: 96

Waterways

460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 85