Sweden

Broadcast media

publicly owned TV broadcaster operates 2 terrestrial networks plus regional stations; multiple privately owned TV broadcasters operating nationally, regionally, and locally; about 50 local TV stations; widespread access to pan-Nordic and international broadcasters through multi-channel cable and satellite TV; publicly owned radio broadcaster operates 3 national stations and a network of 25 regional channels; roughly 100 privately owned local radio stations with some consolidating into near national networks; an estimated 900 community and neighborhood radio stations broadcast intermittently (2008)

Internet country code

.se

Internet users

total: 8.7 million | percent of population: 89.1% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 47

Radio broadcast stations

AM 1, FM 124, shortwave 0 (2008)

Telephone system

general assessment: highly developed telecommunications infrastructure; ranked among leading countries for fixed-line, mobile-cellular, Internet and broadband penetration | domestic: coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels | international: country code - 46; submarine cables provide links to other Nordic countries and Europe; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Sweden shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway) (2011)

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 3.82 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 43

Telephones - mobile cellular

total: 12.3 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 75

Television broadcast stations

252 (2008)

Agriculture - products

barley, wheat, sugar beets; meat, milk

Budget

revenues: $291.4 billion | expenditures: $304 billion (2014 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-2.2% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 88

Central bank discount rate

0% (31 December 2014) | 1% (31 December 2013) | note:: the Discount rate was abolished in 2002, and replaced by a "Reference rate" with no bearing on monetary policy; the rate quoted here is the Reference rate | country comparison to the world: 69

Commercial bank prime lending rate

2.8% (31 December 2014 est.) | 3.23% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 175

Current account balance

$35.73 billion (2014 est.) | $34.54 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 14

Debt - external

$1.039 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) | $992.5 billion (31 December 2011) | country comparison to the world: 16

Distribution of family income - Gini index

24.9 (2013) | 25 (1992) | country comparison to the world: 141

Economy - overview

Aided by peace and neutrality for the whole of the 20th century, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. Sweden remains outside the Eurozone because of concerns over its impact on the country’s economy, welfare system, and sovereignty. Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account for vast majority of industrial output. Agriculture accounts for less than 1% of GDP. Economic growth slowed in 2013, as a result of continued economic weakness in the EU - Sweden’s main export market; however, Sweden’s economy experienced modest growth in 2014, with an adjusted real GDP growth that averaged 2.1%. Sweden’s economy is expected to grow modestly in 2015, although the country continues to struggle with deflationary pressure.

Exchange rates

Swedish kronor (SEK) per US dollar - | 6.759 (2014 est.) | 6.5118 (2013 est.) | 6.77 (2012 est.) | 6.4918 (2011 est.) | 7.2075 (2010 est.)

Exports

$184.1 billion (2014 est.) | $181.3 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 28

Exports - commodities

machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals (2012 est.)

Exports - partners

Norway 10.4%, Germany 10.4%, UK 7.4%, Finland 7.3%, Denmark 7.2%, US 6%, Netherlands 5.3%, Belgium 4.6%, France 4.6% (2014)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$570.1 billion (2014 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$448.2 billion (2014 est.) | $438.9 billion (2013 est.) | $418.4 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 42

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 46.5% | government consumption: 26.4% | investment in fixed capital: 22.6% | investment in inventories: 0.1% | exports of goods and services: 44.4% | imports of goods and services: -39.9% | (2014 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 1.8% | industry: 33.4% | services: 64.8% (2014 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$46,000 (2014 est.) | $45,000 (2013 est.) | $44,500 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 26

GDP - real growth rate

2.1% (2014 est.) | 1.3% (2013 est.) | -0.3% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 147

Gross national saving

29.6% of GDP (2014 est.) | 29.4% of GDP (2013 est.) | 29.2% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 46

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 3.4% | highest 10%: 24% (2012)

Imports

$163.8 billion (2014 est.) | $159.6 billion (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 30

Imports - commodities

machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing

Imports - partners

Germany 17.4%, Netherlands 7.7%, Norway 7.6%, Denmark 7.4%, UK 6.2%, China 5.3%, Russia 5.2%, Finland 5.1%, France 4.4% (2014)

Industrial production growth rate

2.7% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 111

Industries

iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

-0.2% (2014 est.) | -0.1% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 19

Labor force

5.124 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 76

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 2% | industry: 12% | services: 86% (2014 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$560.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.) | $470.1 billion (31 December 2011) | $581.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 21

Population below poverty line

14% (2011 est.)

Public debt

40.2% of GDP (2014 est.) | 38.8% of GDP (2013 est.) | note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions | country comparison to the world: 96

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$66.32 billion (2014 est.) | $65.38 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 34

Stock of broad money

$336.8 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $371.6 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 31

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$593.1 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $558.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 15

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$509.9 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $500.8 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 18

Stock of domestic credit

$742.4 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $811.3 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20

Stock of narrow money

$256.9 billion (31 December 2014 est.) | $287.1 billion (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 18

Taxes and other revenues

52.1% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 10

Unemployment rate

7.9% (2014 est.) | 8% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 87

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

51.08 million Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 60

Crude oil - exports

12,590 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 68

Crude oil - imports

352,300 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20

Crude oil - production

8,400 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 84

Crude oil - proved reserves

0 bbl (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 192

Electricity - consumption

130.5 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 27

Electricity - exports

22.68 billion kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8

Electricity - from fossil fuels

9.5% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 199

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

43% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 49

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

24.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 3

Electricity - from other renewable sources

22.7% of total installed capacity (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 14

Electricity - imports

12.67 billion kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 13

Electricity - installed generating capacity

37.94 million kW (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 23

Electricity - production

162.9 billion kWh (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 25

Natural gas - consumption

1.086 billion cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 87

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184

Natural gas - imports

1.086 billion cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 59

Natural gas - production

0 cu m (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 195

Natural gas - proved reserves

0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 196

Refined petroleum products - consumption

298,800 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 44

Refined petroleum products - exports

192,900 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 24

Refined petroleum products - imports

152,700 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 34

Refined petroleum products - production

434,400 bbl/day (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 36

Area

total: 450,295 sq km | land: 410,335 sq km | water: 39,960 sq km | country comparison to the world: 56

Area - comparative

slightly larger than California

Climate

temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north

Coastline

3,218 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad -2.4 m | highest point: Kebnekaise 2,111 m

Environment - current issues

acid rain damage to soils and lakes; pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

Environment - international agreements

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling | signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

total: 2.62 cu km/yr (37%/59%/4%) | per capita: 285.6 cu m/yr (2007)

Geographic coordinates

62 00 N, 15 00 E

Geography - note

strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas

Irrigated land

1,597 sq km (2007)

Land boundaries

total: 2,211 km | border countries (2): Finland 545 km, Norway 1,666 km

Land use

agricultural land: 7.5% | arable land 6.4%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 1.1% | forest: 68.7% | other: 23.8% (2011 est.)

Location

Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm (adjustments made to return a portion of straits to high seas) | exclusive economic zone: agreed boundaries or midlines | continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Natural hazards

ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic

Natural resources

iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, uranium, arsenic, feldspar, timber, hydropower

Terrain

mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west

Total renewable water resources

174 cu km (2011)

Administrative divisions

21 counties (lan, singular and plural); Blekinge, Dalarna, Gavleborg, Gotland, Halland, Jamtland, Jonkoping, Kalmar, Kronoberg, Norrbotten, Orebro, Ostergotland, Skane, Sodermanland, Stockholm, Uppsala, Varmland, Vasterbotten, Vasternorrland, Vastmanland, Vastra Gotaland

Capital

name: Stockholm | geographic coordinates: 59 20 N, 18 03 E | time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) | daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Constitution

several previous; latest adopted 1 January 1975; amended several times, last in 2015 (2015)

Country name

conventional long form: Kingdom of Sweden | conventional short form: Sweden | local long form: Konungariket Sverige | local short form: Sverige

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Mark Francis BRZEZINSKI (since 14 November 2011) | embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds Vag 31, SE-11589 Stockholm | mailing address: American Embassy Stockholm, US Department of State, 5750 Stockholm Place, Washington, DC 20521-5750 | telephone: [46] (08) 783 53 00 | FAX: [46] (08) 661 19 64

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Bjorn O. LYRVALL (since 12 September 2013) | chancery: The House of Sweden, 2900 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20007 | telephone: [1] (202) 467-2600 | FAX: [1] (202) 467-2699

Executive branch

chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the monarch (born 14 July 1977) | head of government: Prime Minister Stefan LOFVEN (since 3 October 2014); Deputy Prime Minister Asa ROMSON (since 3 October 2014) | cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister | elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually becomes the prime minister

Flag description

blue with a golden yellow cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the colors reflect those of the Swedish coat of arms - three gold crowns on a blue field

Government type

constitutional monarchy

Independence

6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNMOGIP, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Sweden (consists of 16 justices including the court chairman; Supreme Administrative Court (consists of 18 justices including the court president) | judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court justices nominated by the Board of Judges, a 9-member nominating body consisting of high-level judges, prosecutors, and members of Parliament; justices appointed by the Government; following a probationary period, justices' appointments are permanent | subordinate courts: first instance and appellate general and administrative courts; specialized courts that handle cases such as land and environment, immigration, labor, markets, and patents

Legal system

civil law system influenced by Roman-Germanic law and customary law

Legislative branch

description: unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; 310 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 39 members in "at-large" seats directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms) | elections: last held on 14 September 2014 (next to be held in September 2018) | election results: percent of vote by party - SAP 31.0%, M 23.3%, SD 12.9%, MP 6.9%, C 6.1%, V 5.7%, FP 5.4%, KD 4.5%, others 4.1%; seats by party - SAP 113, M 84, SD 49, MP 25, C 22, V 21, FP 19, KD 16

National anthem

name: "Du Gamla, Du Fria" (Thou Ancient, Thou Free) | lyrics/music: Richard DYBECK/traditional | note: in use since 1844; also known as "Sang till Norden" (Song of the North), is based on a Swedish folk tune; it has never been officially adopted by the government; "Kungssangen" (The King's Song) serves as the royal anthem and is played in the presence of the royal family and during certain state ceremonies

National holiday

National Day, 6 June (1983); note - from 1916 to 1982 this date was celebrated as Swedish Flag Day

National symbol(s)

three crowns, lion; national colors: blue, yellow

Political parties and leaders

Center Party (Centerpartiet) or C [Annie LOOF] | Christian Democrats (Kristdemokraterna) or KD [Goran HAGGLUND] | Green Party (Miljopartiet de Grona) or MP [spokespersons Asa ROMSON and Gustav FRIDOLIN] | Left Party (Vansterpartiet) (formerly Communist Party) or V [Jonas SJOSTEDT] | Liberal People's Party (Folkpartiet) or FP [Jan BJORKLUND] | Moderate Party (Moderaterna) or M [Anna KINBERG BATRA] | Social Democratic Party (Socialdemokraterna) or SAP [Stefan LOFVEN] | Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) or SD [Jimmie AKESSON]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations or SACO | Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees or TCO | Swedish Trade Union Confederation (Landsorganisationen) or LO [Wanja LUNDBY-WEDIN] | other: environmental groups; media

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

A military power during the 17th century, Sweden has not participated in any war for two centuries. An armed neutrality was preserved in both world wars. Sweden's long-successful economic formula of a capitalist system intermixed with substantial welfare elements was challenged in the 1990s by high unemployment and in 2000-02 and 2009 by the global economic downturns, but fiscal discipline over the past several years has allowed the country to weather economic vagaries. Sweden joined the EU in 1995, but the public rejected the introduction of the euro in a 2003 referendum.

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 2,065,691 | females age 16-49: 1,996,764 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49: 1,709,055 | females age 16-49: 1,650,432 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

male: 54,960 | female: 52,275 (2010 est.)

Military branches

Swedish Armed Forces (Forsvarsmakten): Army (Armen), Royal Swedish Navy (Marinen), Swedish Air Force (Svenska Flygvapnet) (2010)

Military expenditures

1.18% of GDP (2012) | 1.17% of GDP (2011) | 1.18% of GDP (2010) | country comparison to the world: 84

Military service age and obligation

18-47 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; Swedish citizenship required; service obligation: 7.5 months (Army), 7-15 months (Navy), 8-12 months (Air Force); the Swedish Parliament has abolished compulsory military service, with exclusively voluntary recruitment as of July 2010; conscription remains an option in emergencies; after completing initial service, soldiers have a reserve commitment until age 47 (2013)

Age structure

0-14 years: 17.12% (male 863,125/female 814,803) | 15-24 years: 11.97% (male 603,615/female 569,289) | 25-54 years: 39.3% (male 1,957,869/female 1,894,064) | 55-64 years: 11.63% (male 571,318/female 568,293) | 65 years and over: 19.99% (male 900,070/female 1,059,170) (2015 est.)

Birth rate

11.99 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 166

Death rate

9.4 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 59

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 59.3% | youth dependency ratio: 27.5% | elderly dependency ratio: 31.8% | potential support ratio: 3.1% (2015 est.)

Drinking water source

urban: 100% of population | rural: 100% of population | total: 100% of population | urban: 0% of population | rural: 0% of population | total: 0% of population (2015 est.)

Education expenditures

6.8% of GDP (2011) | country comparison to the world: 20

Ethnic groups

indigenous population: Swedes with Finnish and Sami minorities; foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.18% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 99

HIV/AIDS - deaths

100 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 108

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Health expenditures

9.7% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 27

Hospital bed density

2.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Infant mortality rate

total: 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 2.87 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 2.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 217

Languages

Swedish (official), small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 81.98 years | male: 80.09 years | female: 83.99 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 15

Major urban areas - population

STOCKHOLM (capital) 1.486 million (2015)

Median age

total: 41.2 years | male: 40.2 years | female: 42.2 years (2015 est.)

Nationality

noun: Swede(s) | adjective: Swedish

Net migration rate

5.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 25

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

22% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 104

Physicians density

3.93 physicians/1,000 population (2011)

Population

9,801,616 (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 91

Population growth rate

0.8% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 139

Religions

Lutheran 87%, other (includes Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, and Buddhist) 13%

Sanitation facility access

urban: 99.3% of population | rural: 99.6% of population | total: 99.3% of population | urban: 0.7% of population | rural: 0.4% of population | total: 0.7% of population (2015 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 16 years | male: 15 years | female: 17 years (2012)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female | total population: 1 male(s)/female (2015 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.88 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 141

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 23.7% | male: 25% | female: 22.3% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 40

Urbanization

urban population: 85.8% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 0.83% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Disputes - international

none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees (country of origin): 34,285 (Syria); 24,184 (Iraq); 21,189 (Somalia); 14,107 (Eritrea); 12,090 (Afghanistan) (2014) | stateless persons: 27,167 (2014); note - the majority of stateless people come from the Middle East and Somalia

Airports

231 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 25

Airports - with paved runways

total: 149 | over 3,047 m: 3 | 2,438 to 3,047 m: 12 | 1,524 to 2,437 m: 75 | 914 to 1,523 m: 22 | under 914 m: 37 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 82 | 914 to 1,523 m: 5 | 77 (2013)

Heliports

2 (2013)

Merchant marine

total: 135 | by type: bulk carrier 4, cargo 16, carrier 1, chemical tanker 15, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 36, petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll off 30, vehicle carrier 17 | foreign-owned: 35 (Denmark 4, Estonia 3, Finland 16, Germany 3, Ireland 1, Italy 5, Norway 3) | registered in other countries: 189 (Bahamas 11, Barbados 4, Bermuda 14, Canada 2, Cook Islands 3, Cyprus 5, Denmark 15, Faroe Islands 11, Finland 1, France 4, Gibraltar 11, Italy 1, Liberia 12, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 1, Netherlands 12, Norway 27, Panama 2, Portugal 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10, Singapore 11, UK 28) (2010) | country comparison to the world: 42

Pipelines

gas 1,626 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Brofjorden, Goteborg, Helsingborg, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Stockholm, Trelleborg, Visby | LNG terminal(s) (import): Brunnsviksholme, Lysekil

Railways

total: 11,915 km | standard gauge: 11,850 km 1.435-m gauge (7,567 km electrified) | narrow gauge: 65 km 0.891-m gauge (65 km electrified) (2014) | country comparison to the world: 21

Roadways

total: 579,564 km (includes 1,913 km of expressways) | paved: 135,444 km | unpaved: 444,412 km | note: includes 104,705 km of state roads, 433,034 km of private roads, and 41,825 km of municipal roads (2010) | country comparison to the world: 13

Waterways

2,052 km (2010) | country comparison to the world: 40