West Bank

Internet country code

.ps; note - same as Gaza Strip

Internet users

243,000 (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Radio broadcast stations

AM 0, FM 8, shortwave 0 (2005)

Telephone system

general assessment: NA domestic: Israeli company BEZEK and the Palestinian company PALTEL are responsible for fixed line services in the Gaza Strip; the Palestinian JAWAL company provides cellular services international: country code - 970 (2004)

Telephones - main lines in use

349,000 (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Telephones - mobile cellular

1.095 million (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Television broadcast stations

8 (2005)

Agriculture - products

olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products

Budget

revenues: $1.23 billion expenditures: $1.64 billion (2005)

Currency (code)

new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD)

Debt - external

$NA

Economic aid - recipient

$1.102 billion; (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Economy - overview

The West Bank - the larger of the two areas under the Palestinian Authority (PA) - has experienced a general decline in economic conditions since the second intifadah began in September 2000. The downturn has been largely the result of Israeli closure policies - the imposition of border closures in response to security incidents in Israel - which disrupted labor and trading relationships. In 2001, and even more severely in 2002, Israeli military measures in PA areas resulted in the destruction of capital, the disruption of administrative structures, and widespread business closures. International aid of at least $1.14 billion to the West Bank and Gaza Strip in 2004 prevented the complete collapse of the economy and allowed some reforms in the government's financial operations. In 2005, high unemployment and limited trade opportunities - due to continued closures both within the West Bank and externally - stymied growth. Israel's and the international community's financial embargo of the PA since HAMAS took office in March 2006 has interrupted the provision of PA social services and the payment of PA salaries.

Electricity - consumption

NA kWh

Electricity - imports

NA kWh

Electricity - production

NA kWh; note - most electricity imported from Israel; East Jerusalem Electric Company buys and distributes electricity to Palestinians in East Jerusalem and its concession in the West Bank; the Israel Electric Company directly supplies electricity to most Jewish residents and military facilities; some Palestinian municipalities, such as Nablus and Janin, generate their own electricity from small power plants

Exchange rates

new Israeli shekels per US dollar - 4.4565 (2006), 4.4877 (2005), 4.482 (2004), 4.5541 (2003), 4.7378 (2002)

Exports

$301 million f.o.b.; (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Exports - commodities

olives, fruit, vegetables, limestone

Exports - partners

Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2006)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$3.45 billion (includes Gaza Strip) (2003)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$5.327 billion (includes Gaza Strip) (2005 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture: 8% industry: 18.2% services: 73.9% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$1,500 (includes Gaza Strip) (2005 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

4.9% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$2.44 billion c.i.f.; (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Imports - commodities

food, consumer goods, construction materials

Imports - partners

Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2006)

Industrial production growth rate

2.4% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Industries

generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

2.9% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Labor force

568,000 (2005)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 16% industry: 29% services: 55% (2005)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$4.461 billion (2005)

Population below poverty line

45.7% (2005)

Unemployment rate

20.3% (includes Gaza Strip) (2005)

Area

total: 5,860 sq km land: 5,640 sq km water: 220 sq km note: includes West Bank, Latrun Salient, and the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea, but excludes Mt. Scopus; East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land are also included only as a means of depicting the entire area occupied by Israel in 1967

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Delaware

Climate

temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m

Environment - current issues

adequacy of fresh water supply; sewage treatment

Geographic coordinates

32 00 N, 35 15 E

Geography - note

landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 242 West Bank settlements and 29 East Jerusalem settlements in addition to at least 20 occupied outposts (August 2005 est.)

Irrigated land

150 sq km; note - includes Gaza Strip (2003)

Land boundaries

total: 404 km border countries: Israel 307 km, Jordan 97 km

Land use

arable land: 16.9% permanent crops: 18.97% other: 64.13% (2001)

Location

Middle East, west of Jordan

Map references

Middle East

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards

droughts

Natural resources

arable land

Terrain

mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east

Country name

conventional long form: none conventional short form: West Bank

Background

The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (the DOP), signed in Washington in September 1993, provided for a transitional period of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. A transfer of authority to the Palestinian Authority (PA) for the Gaza Strip and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and, in additional areas of the West Bank, pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995 Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum, and the 4 September 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Agreement. Direct negotiations to determine the permanent status of Gaza and the West Bank began in September 1999 after a three-year hiatus, but were derailed by a second intifadah that broke out a year later. In April 2003, the Quartet (US, EU, UN, and Russia) presented a roadmap to a final settlement of the conflict by 2005 based on reciprocal steps by the two parties leading to two states, Israel and a democratic Palestine. The proposed date for a permanent status agreement has been postponed indefinitely due to violence and accusations that both sides have not followed through on their commitments. Following Palestinian leader Yasir ARAFAT's death in late 2004, Mahmud ABBAS was elected PA president in January 2005. A month later, Israel and the PA agreed to the Sharm el-Sheikh Commitments in an effort to move the peace process forward. In September 2005, Israel withdrew all its settlers and soldiers and dismantled its military facilities in the Gaza Strip and four northern West Bank settlements. Nonetheless, Israel controls maritime, airspace, and most access to the Gaza Strip. A November 2005 PA-Israeli agreement authorized the reopening of the Rafah border crossing between the Gaza Strip and Egypt under joint PA and Egyptian control. In January 2006, the Islamic Resistance Movement, HAMAS, won control of the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). The international community has refused to accept the HAMAS-led government because it does not recognize Israel, will not renounce violence, and refuses to honor previous peace agreements between Israel and the PA. Since March 2006, President ABBAS has had little success negotiating with HAMAS to present a political platform acceptable to the international community so as to lift the economic siege on Palestinians. The PLC was unable to convene in late 2006 as a result of Israel's detention of many HAMAS PLC members and Israeli-imposed travel restrictions on other PLC members.

Military expenditures - percent of GDP

NA

Age structure

0-14 years: 42.4% (male 551,243/female 524,800) 15-64 years: 54.2% (male 704,209/female 670,382) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 36,175/female 49,118) (2007 est.)

Birth rate

30.99 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Death rate

3.85 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Ethnic groups

Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Infant mortality rate

total: 18.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 16.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)

Languages

Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 73.46 years male: 71.68 years female: 75.35 years (2007 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.4% male: 96.7% female: 88% (2004 est.)

Median age

total: 18.5 years male: 18.4 years female: 18.6 years (2007 est.)

Nationality

noun: NA adjective: NA

Net migration rate

2.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Population

2,535,927 note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (July 2004 est.)

Population growth rate

2.985% (2007 est.)

Religions

Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8%

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.736 male(s)/female total population: 1.038 male(s)/female (2007 est.)

Total fertility rate

4.17 children born/woman (2007 est.)

Disputes - international

West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation; Israel continues construction of a "seam line" separation barrier along parts of the Green Line and within the West Bank; Israel withdrew from four settlements in the northern West Bank in August 2005; since 1948, about 350 peacekeepers from the UN Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), headquartered in Jerusalem, monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent isolated incidents from escalating, and assist other UN personnel in the region

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees (country of origin): 705,207 (Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA)) (2006)

Airports

3 (2007)

Airports - with paved runways

total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2007)

Roadways

total: 4,996 km paved: 4,996 km note: includes Gaza Strip (2004)