Burundi

Broadcast media

state-controlled La Radiodiffusion et Television Nationale de Burundi (RTNB) operates the lone TV station and the only national radio network; about 10 privately owned radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are available in Bujumbura (2007)

Internet country code

.bi

Internet users

total: 144,500 | percent of population: 1.4% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 165

Radio broadcast stations

AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Telephone system

general assessment: sparse system of open-wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relays | domestic: telephone density one of the lowest in the world; fixed-line connections stand at well less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage is increasing but remains at roughly 20 per 100 persons | international: country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2011)

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 21,700 | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 182

Telephones - mobile cellular

total: 3.2 million | subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 138

Television broadcast stations

1 (2001)

Agriculture - products

coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, cassava (manioc, tapioca); beef, milk, hides

Budget

revenues: $847.3 million | expenditures: $933.2 million (2014 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-2.8% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 105

Central bank discount rate

11.25% (31 December 2010) | 10% (31 December 2009) | country comparison to the world: 14

Commercial bank prime lending rate

15% (31 December 2014 est.) | 15.15% (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 42

Current account balance

-$544 million (2014 est.) | -$562.9 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 105

Debt - external

$742.1 million (31 December 2014 est.) | $705.8 million (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 169

Distribution of family income - Gini index

42.4 (1998) | country comparison to the world: 49

Economy - overview

Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural; agriculture accounts for just over 40% of GDP and employs more than 90% of the population. Burundi's primary exports are coffee and tea, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings, though exports are a relatively small share of GDP. Therefore, Burundi's export earnings - and its ability to pay for imports - rests primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices. An ethnic-based war that lasted until 2005 resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, forced more than 48,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 140,000 others internally. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply. Burundi's GDP grew around 4% annually in 2006-14. Political stability and the end of the civil war have improved aid flows and economic activity has increased, but underlying weaknesses - a high poverty rate, poor education rates, a weak legal system, a poor transportation network, overburdened utilities, and low administrative capacity - risk undermining planned economic reforms. Government corruption is hindering the development of a healthy private sector as companies have to deal with ever changing rules. The purchasing power of most Burundians has decreased as wage increases have not kept up with inflation. Burundi will remain heavily dependent on aid from bilateral and multilateral donors - foreign aid represents 42% of Burundi's national income, the second highest rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Burundi joined the East African Community (EAC) in 2009, and regional infrastructure improvements driven by the EAC and funded by the World Bank may help improve Burundi’s transport connections and lower transportation costs.

Exchange rates

Burundi francs (BIF) per US dollar - | 1,548.5 (2014 est.) | 1,555.09 (2013 est.) | 1,442.51 (2012 est.) | 1,261.07 (2011 est.) | 1,230.8 (2010 est.)

Exports

$113.6 million (2014 est.) | $91.8 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 189

Exports - commodities

coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides

Exports - partners

Pakistan 12.7%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 12.6%, Uganda 9.6%, Germany 6.5%, Belgium 5.9%, France 5.6%, Rwanda 5.4%, Sweden 5.1%, US 4.6%, China 4.3%, Sudan 4.2% (2014)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$3.094 billion (2014 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$8.378 billion (2014 est.) | $7.999 billion (2013 est.) | $7.657 billion (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 162

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 74.6% | government consumption: 21.9% | investment in fixed capital: 27.9% | investment in inventories: -1.7% | exports of goods and services: 7.1% | imports of goods and services: -29.6% | (2014 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 40.3% | industry: 17.1% | services: 42.5% (2014 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$900 (2014 est.) | $900 (2013 est.) | $800 (2012 est.) | note: data are in 2014 US dollars | country comparison to the world: 226

GDP - real growth rate

4.7% (2014 est.) | 4.5% (2013 est.) | 4% (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 57

Gross national saving

2.4% of GDP (2014 est.) | 1.6% of GDP (2013 est.) | 2.7% of GDP (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 167

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 4.1% | highest 10%: 28% (2006)

Imports

$873 million (2014 est.) | $884.3 million (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 184

Imports - commodities

capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs

Imports - partners

Saudi Arabia 12.9%, Kenya 11%, Belgium 10.4%, China 8.4%, Tanzania 7.9%, Uganda 6.9%, India 5% (2014)

Industrial production growth rate

6% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 37

Industries

light consumer goods (blankets, shoes, soap, beer); assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

4.4% (2014 est.) | 7.9% (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 161

Labor force

4.806 million (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 87

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 93.6% | industry: 2.3% | services: 4.1% (2002 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$NA

Population below poverty line

68% (2002 est.)

Public debt

38.6% of GDP (2014 est.) | 38.6% of GDP (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 99

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$321.4 million (31 December 2014 est.) | $329.4 million (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 157

Stock of broad money

$551.4 million (31 December 2014 est.) | $521.6 million (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 175

Stock of domestic credit

$691.2 million (31 December 2014 est.) | $617.5 million (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 161

Stock of narrow money

$394.9 million (31 December 2014 est.) | $375.2 million (31 December 2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 169

Taxes and other revenues

27.9% of GDP (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 100

Unemployment rate

NA%

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

315,100 Mt (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 191

Crude oil - exports

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 91

Crude oil - imports

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 167

Crude oil - production

0 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 160

Crude oil - proved reserves

0 bbl (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 113

Electricity - consumption

236.4 million kWh (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 185

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 115

Electricity - from fossil fuels

1.9% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 205

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

98.1% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 8

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 59

Electricity - from other renewable sources

0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 165

Electricity - imports

95 million kWh (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 95

Electricity - installed generating capacity

52,000 kW (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 186

Electricity - production

152 million kWh (2011 est.) | country comparison to the world: 190

Natural gas - consumption

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 125

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 70

Natural gas - imports

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 168

Natural gas - production

0 cu m (2012 est.) | country comparison to the world: 111

Natural gas - proved reserves

0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 118

Refined petroleum products - consumption

2,270 bbl/day (2013 est.) | country comparison to the world: 187

Refined petroleum products - exports

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 160

Refined petroleum products - imports

1,429 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 188

Refined petroleum products - production

0 bbl/day (2010 est.) | country comparison to the world: 127

Area

total: 27,830 sq km | land: 25,680 sq km | water: 2,150 sq km | country comparison to the world: 147

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Maryland

Climate

equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees celcius but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m | highest point: Heha 2,670 m

Environment - current issues

soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations

Environment - international agreements

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands | signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

total: 0.29 cu km/yr (15%/5%/79%) | per capita: 43.27 cu m/yr (2005)

Geographic coordinates

3 30 S, 30 00 E

Geography - note

landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile

Irrigated land

214.3 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries

total: 1,140 km | border countries (3): Democratic Republic of the Congo 236 km, Rwanda 315 km, Tanzania 589 km

Land use

agricultural land: 73.3% | arable land 38.9%; permanent crops 15.6%; permanent pasture 18.8% | forest: 6.6% | other: 20.1% (2011 est.)

Location

Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo

Map references

Africa

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards

flooding; landslides; drought

Natural resources

nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum, vanadium, arable land, hydropower, niobium, tantalum, gold, tin, tungsten, kaolin, limestone

Terrain

hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains

Total renewable water resources

12.54 cu km (2011)

Administrative divisions

18 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rumonge, Rutana, Ruyigi

Capital

name: Bujumbura | geographic coordinates: 3 22 S, 29 21 E | time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Constitution

several previous; latest ratified by popular referendum 28 February 2005 (2012)

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Burundi | conventional short form: Burundi | local long form: Republique du Burundi/Republika y'u Burundi | local short form: Burundi | former: Urundi

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Dawn M. LIBERI (since 10 July 2012) | embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura | mailing address: B. P. 1720, Bujumbura | telephone: [257] 22-207-000 | FAX: [257] 22-222-926

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Ernest NDABASHINZE (since 21 May 2014) | chancery: 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 408, Washington, DC 20007 | telephone: [1] (202) 342-2574 | FAX: [1] (202) 342-2578

Executive branch

chief of state: President Pierre NKURUNZIZA (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Prosper BAZOMBAZA (since 13 February 2014); Second Vice President Gervais RUFYIKIRI (since 29 August 2010); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government | head of government: President Pierre NKURUNZIZA (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Prosper BAZOMBAZA (since 13 February 2014); Second Vice President Gervais RUFYIKIRI (since 29 August 2010) | cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president | elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 July 2015(next to be held in 2020); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by Parliament | election results: Pierre NKURUNZIZA reelected president; percent of vote - Pierre NKURUNZIZA (CNDD-FDD ) 69.4%, Agathon RWASA (National Liberation Forces) 19%, other 11.6%

Flag description

divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and fly side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below); green symbolizes hope and optimism, white purity and peace, and red the blood shed in the struggle for independence; the three stars in the disk represent the three major ethnic groups: Hutu, Twa, Tutsi, as well as the three elements in the national motto: unity, work, progress

Government type

republic

Independence

1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ACP, AfDB, AU, CEMAC, CEPGL, CICA, COMESA, EAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 9 judges and organized into judicial, administrative, and cassation chambers) | judge selection and term of office: judges nominated by the Judicial Service Commission, a 15-member independent body of judicial and legal profession officials); judges appointed by the president with the approval of the Senate; judge tenure NA | subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; County Courts; Courts of Residence

Legal system

mixed legal system of Belgian civil law and customary law

Legislative branch

description: bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate (54 seats; 34 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of provincial councils using a two-thirds majority vote and 20 seats reserved for former heads of state; members serve 5-year terms) and the National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote with a required ethnic mix of 60 percent Hutu and 40 percent Tutsi, and at least 30 percent women; members serve 5-year terms) | elections: last held on 23 July 2010 (next to be held on 26 June 2015); note - legislative election delayed because of unrest | election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 81.2%, UPRONA 11.6%, FRODEBU 5.9%, other 1.3%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 81, UPRONA 17, FRODEBU 5, other 3

National anthem

name: "Burundi Bwacu" (Our Beloved Burundi) | lyrics/music: Jean-Baptiste NTAHOKAJA/Marc BARENGAYABO | note: adopted 1962

National holiday

Independence Day, 1 July (1962)

National symbol(s)

lion; national colors: red, white, green

Political parties and leaders

Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Leonce NGENDAKUMANA] | National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Jeremie NGENDAKUMANA] | National Liberation Forces or FNL [Agathon RWASA] | Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progress Nationale) or UPRONA [Bonaventure NIYOYANKANA] | note: a multiparty system introduced in 1998 includes: | National Council for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD [Leonard NYANGOMA] | National Resistance Movement for the Rehabilitation of the Citizen or MRC-Rurenzangemero [Epitace BANYAGANAKANDI] | Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Forum for the Strengthening of Civil Society or FORSC [Pacifique NININAHAZWE] (civil society umbrella organization) | Observatoire de lutte contre la corruption et les malversations economiques or OLUCOME [Gabriel RUFYIRI] (anti-corruption pressure group) | other: Hutu and Tutsi militias (loosely organized)

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that integrated defense forces, and established a new constitution and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The government of President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, who was reelected in 2010, continues to face many political and economic challenges. Burundi began holding national elections in June 2015 with a presidential election scheduled for July.

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 2,182,327 | females age 16-49: 2,202,125 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49: 1,398,769 | females age 16-49: 1,481,417 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

male: 117,956 | female: 116,956 (2010 est.)

Military branches

National Defense Forces (Forces de Defense Nationale, FDN): Army (includes maritime wing, Air Wing), National Gendarmerie (2013)

Military expenditures

2.39% of GDP (2012) | NA% (2011) | 2.39% of GDP (2010) | country comparison to the world: 32

Military service age and obligation

18 years of age for voluntary military service; the armed forces law of 31 December 2004 did not specify a minimum age for enlistment, but the government claimed that no one younger than 18 was being recruited; mandatory retirement age 45 (enlisted), 50 (NCOs), and 55 (officers) (2012)

Age structure

0-14 years: 45.64% (male 2,464,695/female 2,437,923) | 15-24 years: 19.23% (male 1,030,773/female 1,035,478) | 25-54 years: 28.67% (male 1,536,089/female 1,543,356) | 55-64 years: 3.94% (male 198,384/female 224,563) | 65 years and over: 2.52% (male 115,187/female 155,828) (2015 est.)

Birth rate

42.01 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 6

Child labor - children ages 5-14

total number: 433,187 | percentage: 19% (2005 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

29.1% (2011) | country comparison to the world: 16

Contraceptive prevalence rate

21.9% (2010/11)

Death rate

9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 62

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 89.7% | youth dependency ratio: 85% | elderly dependency ratio: 4.7% | potential support ratio: 21.3% (2015 est.)

Drinking water source

urban: 91.1% of population | rural: 73.8% of population | total: 75.9% of population | urban: 8.9% of population | rural: 26.2% of population | total: 24.1% of population (2015 est.)

Education expenditures

5.8% of GDP (2012) | country comparison to the world: 50

Ethnic groups

Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

1.11% (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 43

HIV/AIDS - deaths

3,900 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 37

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

84,700 (2014 est.) | country comparison to the world: 45

Health expenditures

8% of GDP (2013) | country comparison to the world: 56

Hospital bed density

1.9 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Infant mortality rate

total: 61.89 deaths/1,000 live births | male: 68.55 deaths/1,000 live births | female: 55.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 20

Languages

Kirundi 29.7% (official), Kirundi and other language 9.1%, French (official) and French and other language 0.3%, Swahili and Swahili and other language 0.2% (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area), English and English and other language 0.06%, more than 2 languages 3.7%, unspecified 56.9% (2008 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 60.09 years | male: 58.45 years | female: 61.78 years (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 197

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write | total population: 85.6% | male: 88.2% | female: 83.1% (2015 est.)

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: very high | food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever | vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever | water contact disease: schistosomiasis | animal contact disease: rabies (2013)

Major urban areas - population

BUJUMBURA (capital) 751,000 (2015)

Median age

total: 17 years | male: 16.8 years | female: 17.2 years (2015 est.)

Nationality

noun: Burundian(s) | adjective: Burundian

Net migration rate

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 103

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

2.1% (2014) | country comparison to the world: 176

Population

10,742,276 | note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 86

Population growth rate

3.28% (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 3

Religions

Catholic 62.1%, Protestant 23.9% (includes Adventist 2.3% and other Protestant 21.6%), Muslim 2.5%, other 3.6%, unspecified 7.9% (2008 est.)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 43.8% of population | rural: 48.6% of population | total: 48% of population | urban: 56.2% of population | rural: 51.4% of population | total: 52% of population (2015 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 10 years | male: 11 years | female: 10 years (2010)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female | 0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female | 15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female | 25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female | 55-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female | 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female | total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2015 est.)

Total fertility rate

6.09 children born/woman (2015 est.) | country comparison to the world: 2

Urbanization

urban population: 12.1% of total population (2015) | rate of urbanization: 5.66% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Disputes - international

Burundi and Rwanda dispute two sq km (0.8 sq mi) of Sabanerwa, a farmed area in the Rukurazi Valley where the Akanyaru/Kanyaru River shifted its course southward after heavy rains in 1965; cross-border conflicts persist among Tutsi, Hutu, other ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces in the Great Lakes region

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees (country of origin): 54,011 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2015) | IDPs: 79,200 (the majority are ethnic Tutsi displaced by inter-communal violence that broke out after the 1993 coup and fighting between government forces and rebel groups; no new displacements since 2008 when the last rebel group laid down its arms) (2015) | stateless persons: 1,302 (2014)

Trafficking in persons

current situation: Burundi is a source country for children and possibly women subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; business people recruit Burundian girls for prostitution domestically, as well as in Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, and the Middle East, and recruit boys and girls for forced labor in Burundi and Tanzania; children and young adults are coerced into forced labor in farming, mining, construction, informal commerce, or fishing; some family members, friends, and neighbors are complicit in exploiting children, luring them in with offers of educational or job opportunities | tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List – Burundi does not comply fully with the minimum standards for the elimination of human trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; the government has a written plan that, if implemented, would constitute a significant effort toward meeting the minimum standards for eliminating human trafficking; in 2013, the government established a national coordinating body to oversee anti-trafficking efforts, completed a national action plan, and worked to finalize anti-trafficking legislation; law enforcement efforts remained modest, and investigations focused on transnational trafficking; most victim assistance continued to be provided by NGOs without government support; a system for identifying victims among vulnerable populations and referring victims to care providers was not finalized (2014)

Airports

7 (2013) | country comparison to the world: 165

Airports - with paved runways

total: 1 | over 3,047 m: 1 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 6 | 914 to 1,523 m: 4 | 2 (2013)

Heliports

1 (2012)

Ports and terminals

lake port(s): Bujumbura (Lake Tanganyika)

Roadways

total: 12,322 km | paved: 1,286 km | unpaved: 11,036 km (2004) | country comparison to the world: 127

Waterways

(mainly on Lake Tanganyika between Bujumbura, Burundi's principal port, and lake ports in Tanzania, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2011)