Monaco

Airports

1 usable airfield with permanent-surface runways

Highways

none; city streets

Merchant marine

1 oil tanker (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,268 GRT/4,959 DWT

Ports

Monaco

Railroads

1.6 km 1.435-meter gauge

Telecommunications

served by cable into the French communications system; automatic telephone system; 38,200 telephones; broadcast stations - 3 AM, 4 FM, 5 TV; no communication satellite earth stations

Note

defense is the responsibility of France

Agriculture

none

Budget

revenues: $424 million expenditures: $376 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)

Currency

1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Economic aid

$NA

Electricity

capacity: 10,000 kW standby; power imported from France production: NA consumption per capita: NA (1992)

Exchange rates

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9205 (January 1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989)

Exports

$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

External debt

$NA

Fiscal year

calendar year

Imports

$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Industrial production

growth rate NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

NA%

National product

GDP - exchange rate conversion - $475 million (1991 est.)

National product per capita

$16,000 (1991 est.)

National product real growth rate

NA%

Overview

Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan suburbs.

Unemployment rate

NEGL%

Area

total area: 1.9 sq km land area: 1.9 sq km comparative area: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Climate

Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Coastline

4.1 km

Environment

current issues: NA natural hazards: NA international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea

International disputes

none

Irrigated land

NA sq km

Land boundaries

total 4.4 km, France 4.4 km

Land use

arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 0% forest and woodland: 0% other: 100%

Location

Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, in southern France near the border with Italy

Map references

Europe, Standard Time Zones of the World

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural resources

none

Note

second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban

Terrain

hilly, rugged, rocky

Administrative divisions

4 quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Capital

Monaco

Constitution

17 December 1962

Digraph

MN

Diplomatic representation in US

honorary consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico) honorary consulate(s): Dallas, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington

Executive branch

chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since NA November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Jacques DUPONT (since NA 1991) cabinet: Council of Government; under the authority of the Prince

Flag

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

Independence

1419 (rule by the House of Grimaldi)

Judicial branch

Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)

Legal system

based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch

unicameral

Member of

ACCT, CSCE, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, IMF (observer), IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO

Names

conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco

National Council (Conseil National)

elections last held on 24 January 1988 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) UND 18

National holiday

National Day, 19 November

Political parties and leaders

National and Democratic Union (UND); Democratic Union Movement (MUD); Monaco Action; Monegasque Socialist Party (PSM)

Suffrage

25 years of age; universal

Type

constitutional monarchy

US diplomatic representation

no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France, is accredited to Monaco

Birth rate

10.71 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)

Death rate

12.21 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)

Ethnic divisions

French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%

Infant mortality rate

7.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)

Labor force

NA

Languages

French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 77.69 years male: 73.94 years female: 81.64 years (1994 est.)

Literacy

total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%

Nationality

noun: Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s) adjective: Monacan or Monegasque

Net migration rate

9.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)

Population

31,278 (July 1994 est.)

Population growth rate

0.81% (1994 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 95%

Total fertility rate

1.7 children born/woman (1994 est.)