Monaco

Broadcast media

TV Monte-Carlo (TMC) operates a TV network; cable TV available; Radio Monte-Carlo has extensive radio networks in France and Italy with French-language broadcasts to France beginning in the 1960s and Italian-language broadcasts to Italy beginning in the 1970s; other radio stations include Riviera Radio and Radio Monaco (2012)

Internet country code

.mc

Internet hosts

26,009 (2012) country comparison to the world: 111

Internet users

23,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 191

Telephone system

general assessment: modern automatic telephone system; the country's sole fixed line operator offers a full range of services to residential and business customers domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 200 per 100 persons international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system (2011)

Telephones - main lines in use

44,500 (2012) country comparison to the world: 166

Telephones - mobile cellular

33,200 (2012) country comparison to the world: 207

Agriculture - products

none

Budget

revenues: $1.044 billion expenditures: $1.111 billion (2011 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-1.2% of GDP (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 65

Debt - external

$NA

Economy - overview

Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The principality also is a banking center and has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. Monaco, however, is not a tax-free shelter; it charges nearly 20% value-added tax, collects stamp duties, and companies face a 33% tax on profits unless they can show that three-quarters of profits are generated within the principality. Monaco's reliance on tourism and banking for its economic growth has left it vulnerable to a downturn in France and other European economies which are the principality's main trade partners. In 2009, Monaco's GDP fell by 11.5% as the euro-zone crisis precipitated a sharp drop in tourism and retail activity and home sales. A modest recovery ensued in 2010, but Monaco's economic prospects remain uncertain, and tied to future euro-zone growth. Weak economic growth also has deteriorated public finances as the principality recorded budget deficits in 2011-12. Monaco was formally removed from the OECD's "grey list" of uncooperative tax jurisdictions in late 2009, but continues to face international pressure to abandon its banking secrecy laws and help combat tax evasion. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas.

Exchange rates

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7634 (2013 est.) 0.7752 (2012 est.) 0.755 (2010 est.) 0.7198 (2009 est.) 0.6827 (2008 est.)

Exports

$1.115 billion (2011) country comparison to the world: 156 $684.9 million (2010) note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Exports - partners

Europe 73.2%, Africa 14.6%, America 5.2%, Asia 4.9% (2013 est.)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$5.748 billion (2011 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$6.213 billion (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 165 $5.748 billion (2011 est.) $5.47 billion (2010 est.) note: data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 0% industry: 10% services: 90% (2011)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$85,500 (2011) country comparison to the world: 5

GDP - real growth rate

0.9% (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 176 2.5% (2010 est.) -11.5% (2009 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$1.162 billion (2011) country comparison to the world: 177 $850.2 million (2010) note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Imports - partners

Europe 70.4%, Asia 20.8%, America 4.4%, Africa 4.1% (2013 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Industries

banking, insurance, tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

1.5% (2010) country comparison to the world: 43

Labor force

52,490 country comparison to the world: 191 note: includes all foreign workers (2012 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 0% industry: 16.1% services: 83.9% (2012 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$NA

Population below poverty line

NA%

Taxes and other revenues

18.2% of GDP (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 174

Unemployment rate

2% (2012) country comparison to the world: 15

Area

total: 2 sq km country comparison to the world: 250 land: 2 sq km water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative

about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Climate

Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Coastline

4.1 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m

Environment - current issues

NA

Environment - international agreements

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates

43 44 N, 7 24 E

Geography - note

second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); smallest country with a coastline; almost entirely urban

Irrigated land

NA

Land boundaries

total: 6 km border countries: France 6 km

Land use

arable land: 0% permanent crops: 1% other: 99% (urban area) (2011)

Location

Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 12 nm

Natural hazards

NA

Natural resources

none

Terrain

hilly, rugged, rocky

Administrative divisions

none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo; note - Moneghetti, a part of La Condamine, is sometimes called the 5th quarter of Monaco

Capital

name: Monaco geographic coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Constitution

previous 1911 (suspended 1959); latest adopted 17 December 1962; amended 2002 (2013)

Country name

conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco

Diplomatic representation from the US

the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France), under the authority of the US ambassador to France, handles diplomatic and consular matters concerning Monaco

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Maguy MACCARIO-DOYLE (since 3 December 2013) chancery: 3400 International Drive NW, Suite 2K-100, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: (202) 234-1530 FAX: (202) 244-7656 consulate(s) general: New York

Executive branch

chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005) head of government: Minister of State Michel ROGER (since 29 March 2010) cabinet: Council of Government under the authority of the monarch (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government

Flag description

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; the colors are those of the ruling House of Grimaldi and have been in use since 1339, making the flag one of the world's oldest national banners note: similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

Government type

constitutional monarchy

Independence

1419 (beginning of permanent rule by the House of GRIMALDI)

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

International organization participation

CD, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 5 permanent members and 2 substitutes) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court members appointed by the monarch upon the proposals of the National Council, State Council, Crown Council, Court of Appeal, and Trial Court subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Civil Court of First Instance

Legal system

civil law system influenced by French legal tradition

Legislative branch

unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 10 February 2013 (next to be held in February 2018) election results: percent of vote by party - Horizon Monaco 50.3%, Union Monegasque 39%, Renaissance 10.7%; seats by party - Horizon Monaco 20, Union Monegasque 3, Renaissance 1

National anthem

name: "A Marcia de Muneghu" (The March of Monaco)

National holiday

National Day (Saint Rainier's Day), 19 November (1857)

Political parties and leaders

Horizon Monaco [Laurent NOUVION] Renaissance [SBM (public corporation)] Union Monegasque [Stephane VALERI]

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling GRIMALDI family first seized temporary control in 1297, and again in 1331, but were not able to permanently secure their holding until 1419. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 5,749 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49: 4,629 females age 16-49: 4,597 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

male: 153 female: 141 (2010 est.)

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of France

Military branches

no regular military forces; Directorate of Public Security (2012)

Age structure

0-14 years: 11.7% (male 1,828/female 1,742) 15-24 years: 9.2% (male 1,445/female 1,371) 25-54 years: 35.1% (male 5,332/female 5,363) 55-64 years: 14.5% (male 2,223/female 2,203) 65 years and over: 28.7% (male 4,020/female 4,981) (2014 est.)

Birth rate

6.72 births/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 224

Death rate

9.01 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 67

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2012 est.)

Education expenditures

1.6% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 169

Ethnic groups

French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Health expenditures

4.3% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 157

Hospital bed density

16.5 beds/1,000 population (2011)

Infant mortality rate

total: 1.81 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 224 male: 2.05 deaths/1,000 live births female: 1.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Languages

French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 89.57 years country comparison to the world: 1 male: 85.66 years female: 93.64 years (2014 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (2003 est.)

Median age

total: 51.1 years male: 50 years female: 52.3 years (2014 est.)

Nationality

noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan

Net migration rate

2.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 35

Physicians density

7.06 physicians/1,000 population (2011)

Population

30,508 country comparison to the world: 218 note: immigrants make up more than 60% of the total population, according to UN data (2013) (July 2014 est.)

Population growth rate

0.06% (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 186

Religions

Roman Catholic 90% (official), other 10%

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2012 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.52 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 190

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 6.9% country comparison to the world: 130 male: 6.6% female: 7.4% (2000)

Urbanization

urban population: 100% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 0.04% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Disputes - international

none

Heliports

1 (2012)

Merchant marine

registered in other countries: 64 (Bahamas 8, Bermuda 2, Liberia 8, Malta 3, Marshall Islands 30, Panama 11, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2010) country comparison to the world: 63

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Monaco

Roadways

total: 77 km country comparison to the world: 217 paved: 77 km (2010)