Monaco

Internet country code

.mc

Internet hosts

12,720 (2006)

Internet users

16,000 (2002)

Radio broadcast stations

AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)

Telephone system

general assessment: modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system

Telephones - main lines in use

33,700 (2002)

Telephones - mobile cellular

19,300 (2002)

Television broadcast stations

5 (1998)

Agriculture - products

none

Budget

revenues: $719.2 million expenditures: $864.1 million; including capital expenditures of $283.1 million (2004)

Currency (code)

euro (EUR)

Debt - external

$18 billion (2000 est.)

Economic aid - recipient

$NA

Economy - overview

Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas.

Electricity - consumption

NA kWh

Electricity - imports

NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France

Exchange rates

euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)

Exports

$656.5 million $NA note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

NA

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$870 million note: Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates are extremely rough (2000 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture: 17% industry: NA% services: NA%

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$27,000 (2000 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

0.9% (2000 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$636.6 million $NA note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Industries

tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

1.9% (2000)

Labor force

41,110 note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2004)

Population below poverty line

NA%

Unemployment rate

22% (1999)

Area

total: 1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative

about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Climate

Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Coastline

4.1 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m

Environment - current issues

NA

Environment - international agreements

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

Geographic coordinates

43 44 N, 7 24 E

Geography - note

second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban

Irrigated land

NA

Land boundaries

total: 4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km

Land use

arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (2005)

Location

Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural hazards

NA

Natural resources

none

Terrain

hilly, rugged, rocky

Administrative divisions

none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Capital

name: Monaco geographic coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Constitution

17 December 1962

Country name

conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco

Diplomatic representation from the US

the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) under the authority of the US ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco

Diplomatic representation in the US

Monaco does not have an embassy in the US consulate(s) general: New York

Executive branch

chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005) head of government: Minister of State Jean-Paul PROUST (since 1 June 2005) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government

Flag description

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

Government type

constitutional monarchy

Independence

1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)

International organization participation

ACCT, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO

Judicial branch

Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)

Legal system

based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch

unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3

National holiday

National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November

Political parties and leaders

National and Democratic Union or UND [Guy MAGNAN]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM)

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present-day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling Grimaldi family secured control in the late 13th century, and a principality was established in 1338. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.

Manpower available for military service

males age 18-49: 6,256 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 18-49: 4,971 (2005 est.)

Manpower reaching military service age annually

males age 18-49: 148 (2005 est.)

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of France; the Palace Guard performs ceremonial duties (2003)

Age structure

0-14 years: 15.2% (male 2,539/female 2,417) 15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,959/female 10,266) 65 years and over: 22.6% (male 3,015/female 4,347) (2006 est.)

Birth rate

9.19 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)

Death rate

12.91 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)

Ethnic groups

French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Infant mortality rate

total: 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)

Languages

French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 79.69 years male: 75.85 years female: 83.74 years (2006 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (2003 est.)

Median age

total: 45.4 years male: 43.3 years female: 47.3 years (2006 est.)

Nationality

noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan

Net migration rate

7.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)

Population

32,543 (July 2006 est.)

Population growth rate

0.4% (2006 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 90%

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2006 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.76 children born/woman (2006 est.)

Disputes - international

none

Heliports

1 (2006)

Merchant marine

registered in other countries: 77 (Bahamas 17, Barbados 1, Bermuda 2, France 1, Georgia 13, Isle of Man 3, Liberia 10, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 8, Norway 4, Panama 9, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4, Switzerland 2, unknown 1) (2006)

Ports and terminals

Monaco

Roadways

total: 50 km paved: 50 km (1999)